{"id":11175,"date":"2018-01-05T14:49:01","date_gmt":"2018-01-05T06:49:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/vidaorange\/2018\/01\/05\/no-expectation\/"},"modified":"2021-08-24T13:30:27","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T05:30:27","slug":"no-expectation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/vidaorange\/2018\/01\/05\/no-expectation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6c92\u8a31\u9858\uff0c\u9858\u671b\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u843d\u7a7a\u4e86 \u2014\u2014 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style=\"text-align: right;\">\u6587\/\u7c21\u55ae\u5fc3\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u6642\u5019\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8a72\u4e0d\u8a72\u201c\u671f\u5f85\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u8003\u8a66\u7d50\u675f\u4ee5\u5f8c\u8a72\u4e0d\u8a72\u671f\u5f85\u9ad8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u751f\u65e5\u7684\u6642\u5019\u8a72\u8a31\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u9858\u671b\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u5feb\u8981\u7d50\u675f\u7684\u6642\u5019\u8a72\u4e0d\u8a72\u671f\u5f85\u4f86\u5e74\u7684\u597d\u904b\u6c23\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: 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style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u5728\u7372\u5f97\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u679c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8655\u5728\u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u88e1\u7684\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u5011\u9858\u610f\u82b1\u9322\u8cfc\u8cb7\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u671f\u5f85\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8b93\u4eba\u5011\u5e78\u798f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u7121\u8ad6\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u4eba\u7e3d\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u5feb\u6a02<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Margaret Marshall \u548c John Brown \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u503c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u64c1\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b78\u56e0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08attribution style\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7e3d\u662f\u5145\u6eff\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7576\u4ed6\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u6210\u771f\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u5e38\u5c0d\u773c\u4e0b\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u63a1\u53d6\u5167\u90e8\u6b78\u56e0\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u5373\uff0c\u8003\u4e86\u9ad8\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u52aa\u529b\u4e86\uff1b\u6200\u611b\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u8a0e\u4eba\u559c\u6b61\uff1b\u5347\u8077\u52a0\u85aa\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u529b\u5920\u5f37\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u4e00\u500b\u65e5\u5e38\u5c31\u4e0d\u600e\u9ebc\u61f7\u62b1\u671f\u5f85\u4eba\uff0c\u9762\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u4ed6\u201c\u6c92\u62b1\u671f\u5f85\u201d\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u63a1\u53d6\u5916\u90e8\u6b78\u56e0\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u8003\u9ad8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6e2c\u9a57\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u6200\u611b\u6210\u529f\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u65b9\u5076\u723e\u770b\u8d70\u773c\uff0c\u5347\u8077\u52a0\u85aa\u4e5f\u5168\u662f\u904b\u6c23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u8ca0\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6642\u5c31\u66f4\u660e\u986f\u4e86\u3002<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u7e3d\u662f\u5145\u6eff\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u4eba\u50be\u5411\u5c0d\u8ca0\u9762\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9032\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u6b78\u56e0<\/strong><\/span>\uff1a\u8003\u7838\u4e86\u662f\u5076\u7136\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u80fd\u8003\u597d\uff1b\u4f46<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u5c0d\u4e0d\u62b1\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8003\u7838\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7b28\uff0c\u4e0d\u7531\u5206\u8aaa\u5730\u5c31\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5167\u90e8\u6b78\u56e0\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u7e3d\u4e4b\u5c0d\u5145\u6eff\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u597d\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u61c9\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u7684\u58de\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u5076\u7136\u3001\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\uff1b\u800c\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c0d\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u4e0d\u62b1\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u597d\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u5076\u7136\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u58de\u4e8b\u624d\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u9019\u500b\u671f\u5f85\u662f\u8981\u5be6\u73fe\u9084\u662f\u8981\u843d\u7a7a\uff0c\u5145\u6eff\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u7e3d\u662f\u66f4\u5feb\u6a02\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u78ba\u5b9a\u662f\u671f\u5f85\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5feb\u6a02\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5feb\u6a02\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5145\u6eff\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u4f46\u5f9e\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u770b\u4f86\uff0c<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u5feb\u6a02\u548c\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u540c\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u6c92\u6709\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u6703\u8655\u5728\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u8f15\u5ea6\u6291\u9b31\u300d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u4e2d<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u8f15\u5ea6\u6291\u9b31\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6bd4\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u52a0\u7406\u667a\u73fe\u5be6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: 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