{"id":6100,"date":"2018-12-24T15:19:15","date_gmt":"2018-12-24T07:19:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2018\/12\/24\/false-info-or-news\/"},"modified":"2021-09-02T01:40:49","modified_gmt":"2021-09-01T17:40:49","slug":"false-info-or-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2018\/12\/24\/false-info-or-news\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u96e3\u6d88\u6ec5\u3011\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u5728\uff1a\u8d8a\u662f\u6ce1\u5728\u540c\u6eab\u5c64\u88e1\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u88ab\u8aaa\u670d\u6539\u8b8a\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u8d8a\u4f4e"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>\u3010\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u8981\u6311\u9078\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff1a\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.books.com.tw\/exep\/assp.php\/Techorange\/products\/0010797101?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI073ClOK33wIVUK6WCh2JkwMCEAQYASABEgJMK_D_BwE&amp;utm_source=Techorange&amp;utm_medium=ap-books&amp;utm_content=recommend&amp;utm_campaign=ap-201812\">\u83dc\u5e02\u5834\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\uff1a\u9078\u8209\u5c08\u865f<\/a>\u300b\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u5f88\u5ee3\uff0c\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u7684\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u6050\u8b93\u6c11\u773e\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u5169\u5cb8\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u6050\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u7d71\u7368\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u9078\u60c5\u7684\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u6050\u5f71\u97ff\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u5c40\u3002\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u5982\u4f55\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9632\u7bc4\uff1f\uff08\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1a\u9023\u67cf\u7ff0\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_151122\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-151122\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-151122 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/00004-e1545634117423.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-151122\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/person-reading-the-daily-fake-news-newspaper-sitting-on-gray-couch-1327218\/\">Pexels.<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\">\u6587\/\u738b\u5b8f\u6069<\/p>\n<p>2017\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6642\u4efb\u653f\u52d9\u59d4\u54e1\u5510\u9cf3\u63d0\u8b70\u8981\u8207\u81c9\u66f8\u7b49\u793e\u7fa4\u7db2\u7ad9\u5408\u4f5c\u5c0d\u6297\u5047\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u800c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u57282016\u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u5927\u9078\u6642\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u5e7e\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u8ffd\u8e64\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u9078\u8209\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u5728\u793e\u7fa4\u7db2\u7ad9\u4e0a\u88ab\u8f49\u8f09\u4e86\u8d85\u904e\u56db\u5343\u842c\u6b21\uff0c\u9019\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u9078\u8209\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u5c0d\u6297\u5047\u65b0\u805e\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u61c9\u7136\u9762\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u6230\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5f9e\u5be6\u7136\u9762\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5148\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u3001\u7136\u5f8c\u77e5\u9053\u8ab0\u6703\u76f8\u4fe1\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u50b3\u64ad\u7684\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u50b3\u64ad\u5b78\u754c\u6700\u71b1\u9580\u7684\u8a71\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u5be6\u9a57\u3001\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6578\u64da\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u8fd1\u5e7e\u671f\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u671f\u520a\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u3002\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u5c0d\u6297\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u5462\uff1f\u5f9e\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u555f\u793a\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<h2>\u8cc7\u8a0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ea\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65<\/h2>\n<p>Dartmouth College\u653f\u5e9c\u7cfb\u7684Brendan Nyhan \u6559\u6388\u91dd\u5c0d\u9670\u8b00\u8ad6\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u554f\u5377\u5be6\u9a57\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u554f\u5377\u5be6\u9a57\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u505a\u5be6\u9a57\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5148\u96a8\u6a5f\u628a\u53c3\u52a0\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u4eba\u5206\u6210\u5be6\u9a57\u7d44\u8ddf\u63a7\u5236\u7d44\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7d44\u7684\u4eba\u95b1\u8b80\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u518d\u6bd4\u8f03\u5169\u7d44\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5be6\u9a57\u7d44\u8ddf\u63a7\u5236\u7d44\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u914d\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5047\u5982\u5169\u7d44\u4eba\u5728\u95b1\u8b80\u5b8c\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u7ae0\u5f8c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u90a3\u9019\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b78\u88e1\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5f88\u7d05\u7684\u554f\u5377\u5be6\u9a57\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64daNyhan\u6559\u63882015\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u75be\u75c5\u7ba1\u5236\u5c40\u5728\u7db2\u7ad9\u4e0a\u6f84\u6e05\u6d41\u611f\u75ab\u82d7\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u767c\u75c5\u7684\u8b20\u8a00\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u78ba\u5be6\u6703\u8b93\u6c11\u773e\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u90a3\u8b20\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u6703\u8b93\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u64d4\u5fc3\u75ab\u82d7\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u4e0d\u60f3\u6253\u75ab\u82d7\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc72016\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7576\u540c\u6642\u7d66\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u52a0\u8005\u770b\u653f\u5e9c\u5831\u544a\uff08\u95dc\u65bc\u99ac\u822a\u98db\u6a5f\u5931\u4e8b\uff09\u8207\u9109\u6c11\u9670\u8b00\u8ad6\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u653f\u5e9c\u5831\u544a\u4e0a\u6709\u4e0d\u660e\u9ed1\u584a\uff08\u6697\u793a\u8aaa\u9019\u4efd\u5831\u544a\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u958b\u7684\u6a5f\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u64cb\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff09\uff0c\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5c31\u6703\u986f\u8457\u5730\u76f8\u4fe1\u9670\u8b00\u8ad6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c<span style=\"color: #800000\">\u653f\u5e9c\u900f\u660e\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u662f\u6709\u52a9\u76ca\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u5c31\u7b97\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53cd\u800c\u8b93\u610f\u898b\u5169\u6975\u5316<\/h2>\n<p>\u8036\u9b6f\u5927\u5b78\u6cd5\u5b78\u9662\u7684Dan M. Kahan\u6559\u63882010\u5e74\u57f7\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u554f\u5377\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6c11\u773e\u5c0d\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u3001\u6838\u5ee2\u6599\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6821\u5712\u5e36\u69cd\u7b49\u610f\u898b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u7684\u554f\u5377\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u9019\u4e9b\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7d66\u53c3\u52a0\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u4eba\u95b1\u8b80\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u5077\u5077\u5730\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u4eba\u8b80\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u524d\u982d\u52a0\u4e0a\u300c\u591a\u6578\u91cd\u91cf\u7d1a\u5b78\u8005\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0f\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u60f3\u7814\u7a76\u5047\u5982\u8a72\u6587\u7ae0\u6709\u5c08\u5bb6\u80cc\u66f8\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u76f8\u4fe1\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c<span style=\"color: #800000\">\u6c11\u773e\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u4fe1\u91cd\u91cf\u7d1a\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u7684\u300c\u5171\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u6c11\u773e\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u5c08\u5bb6\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u80cc\u66f8\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u8b8a\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc72012\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5247\u767c\u73fe\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\u8207\u5426\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u64c1\u6709\u9ad8\u5b78\u6b77\u3001\u6578\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u4f4d\u7684\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u66f4\u70ba\u986f\u8457\u5730\u5169\u6975\u5316\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u5538\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u76f8\u4fe1\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u8cea\u7591\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u7684\u6578\u64da\u8207\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u589e\u52a0\u6578\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u8b93\u5927\u5bb6\u627e\u5230\u300c\u5171\u8b58\u300d\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u8f03\u4e0d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u904b\u52d5\uff0cNyhan\u6559\u6388\u7b49\u4eba\u57282016\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u8ab0\u6703\u76f8\u4fe1\u7f8e\u5f0f\u8db3\u7403\u8d85\u7d1a\u76c3\u7684\u51a0\u8ecd\u8cfd\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u7403\u5077\u653e\u6c23\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5f71\u97ff\u6bd4\u8cfd\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5230\u610f\u898b\u5169\u6975\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6700\u4e86\u89e3\u7f8e\u5f0f\u8db3\u7403\u76f8\u95dc\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u7403\u8ff7\u3002\u800c\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u653f\u7b56\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4e0a\uff0cNyhan\u7b49\u4eba\u57282010\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u540c\u6a23\u767c\u73fe\uff0c<span style=\"color: #800000\">\u7576\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u5148\u8b1b\u51fa\u67d0\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\uff0c\u5e7e\u5929\u5f8c\u518d\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u6b63\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u8b93\u652f\u6301\u8005\u66f4\u64c1\u8b77\u4ed6\u5011\u539f\u672c\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u800c\u62d2\u7d55\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u6240\u77e5\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u63d0\u4f9b\u518d\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u80fd\u5920\u8b93\u610f\u898b\u5169\u6975\u5316\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u8981\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73fe\u5e73\u884c\u6642\u7a7a\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u9084\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u300c\u6253\u7834\u540c\u6eab\u5c64\u300d<\/h2>\n<p>\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u5fc3\u7406\u7cfbAlin Coman\u6559\u6388\u5e36\u9818\u7684\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u57282016\u5e74\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u8acb\u5341\u4f4d\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\uff0c\u5148\u8acb\u4ed6\u5011\u5538\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u518d\u8b93\u6bcf\u4f4d\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u4f4d\u7522\u751f\u9023\u7d50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6bcf\u5341\u4f4d\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u88ab\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u6d3e\u6210\u5169\u7d44\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u5169\u5927\u7fa4\u4eba\uff0c\u5169\u7fa4\u4eba\u4e2d\u9593\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u9023\u7d50\uff1b\u4e8c\u3001\u5169\u7fa4\u4eba\u4e2d\u9593\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u9023\u7d50\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7576\u5169\u7fa4\u4eba\u9023\u7d50\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u5c0d\u8a71\u5b8c\u5f8c\u5927\u5bb6\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6545\u4e8b\u5167\u5bb9\u76f8\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6234\u7dad\u65af\u5206\u6821\u653f\u6cbb\u7cfbRobert Huckfeldt\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5176\u6210\u540d\u4f5cPolitical Disagreement\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6703\u88ab\u65b0\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5f71\u97ff\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\u539f\u6709\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u8207\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u6240\u8655\u793e\u6703\u7db2\u7d61\u88e1\u7684\u610f\u898b\u5206\u5e03\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\uff1a<span style=\"color: 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loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-151415\" src=\"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/\u83dc\u5e02\u5834\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78-\u7acb\u9ad4\u66f8300dpi-256x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"256\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u63a8\u85a6\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/2018\/12\/10\/punish-fake-news\/\">\u3010\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u958b\u7f70\u301124 \u5c0f\u6642\u5167\u6536\u56de\u4f60\u7684\u8b20\u8a00\uff01\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u53e3\u6c23\u4fee 10+ \u9805\u6cd5\u689d\u56b4\u61f2\u5047\u65b0\u805e<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/2018\/09\/17\/how-can-we-stop-fake-news\/\">\u6279\u8e22\u8e22\u5be6\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8a8d\u8b49\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u675c\u7d55\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u55ce\u2014\u2014\u7d42\u6b62\u5047\u65b0\u805e 8 \u6b65\u9a5f\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u5427<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/2018\/07\/18\/india-fake-news\/\">\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u5df2\u7d93\u5bb3\u6b7b\u4e00\u689d\u7121\u8f9c\u6027\u547d\u2014\u2014\u5047\u65b0\u805e\u6c92\u4ec0\u9ebc\u55ce\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u672c\u6587\u66f8\u6458\u5167\u5bb9\u51fa\u81ea\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.books.com.tw\/exep\/assp.php\/Techorange\/products\/0010797101?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI073ClOK33wIVUK6WCh2JkwMCEAQYASABEgJMK_D_BwE&amp;utm_source=Techorange&amp;utm_medium=ap-books&amp;utm_content=recommend&amp;utm_campaign=ap-201812\">\u83dc\u5e02\u5834\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\uff1a\u9078\u8209\u5c08\u865f<\/a>\u300b\u7531\u5de6\u5cb8\u6587\u5316\u6388\u6b0a\u8f49\u8f09\uff0c\u4e26\u540c\u610f BuzzOrange \u7de8\u5beb\u5c0e\u8b80\u8207\u4fee\u8a02\u6a19\u984c\uff0c\u9996\u5716\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/person-reading-the-daily-fake-news-newspaper-sitting-on-gray-couch-1327218\/\">Pexels<\/a>\uff0cCC Liscened\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u3010\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u8981\u6311\u9078\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff1a\u300a\u83dc\u5e02\u5834\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\uff1a\u9078\u8209\u5c08\u865f\u300b\u3011 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