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\u8a9e\u8a00\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u6b62\u65bc\u300c\u5de5\u5177\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u8a72\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u601d\u60df\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u6587\u5316\u3002\u4f46\u9673\u67cf\u60df\u5c0d\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7684\u5805\u6301\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u8a9e\u8a00\u7d14\u5316\uff0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e3b\u7fa9(linguistic purism\uff0flinguistic protectionism)\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u8a9e\u8a00\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u6703\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u800c\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u6703\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e92\u52d5\u8207\u6df7\u8840\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u901a\u884c\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u96d6\u4f86\u81ea\u6f22\u8a9e(\u5317\u4eac\u8a71\u3001\u95a9\u5357\u8a71\uff0f\u6cb3\u6d1b\u8a71\uff0f\u798f\u4f6c\u8a71\u3001\u5ba2\u5bb6\u8a71)\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u8207\u5c0d\u5cb8\u9577\u671f\u9694\u7d55\u800c\u9020\u6210\u8a9e\u5883\u8207\u8a9e\u7528\u7684\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fad\u5f59\u3001\u767c\u97f3\u3001\u8a9e\u6c23\u8207\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8207\u5c0d\u5cb8\u6709\u5225\u3002\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u300c\u570b\u8a9e\u300d\u8b1b\u5f97\u518d\u597d\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u9084\u662f\u8a8d\u5f97\u51fa\u6211\u5011\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u83ef\u8a9e(\u6216\u83ef\u6587)\u65e9\u5728\u6f22\u8a9e\u5916\u7368\u6a39\u4e00\u683c\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u7f8e\u8a9e\u8207\u82f1\u8a9e\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u53f0\u7063\u65e9\u671f\u9ad4\u5236\u4e0b\u57f9\u990a\u7684\u8ecd\u4eba\u5c31\u7b97\u80fd\u807d\u61c2\u53f0\u8a9e\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u300c\u8f3e\u8f49\u300d\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7acb\u9662\u6709\u901a\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f46\u570b\u9632\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5c08\u696d\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u7ffb\u8b6f\u7576\u7136\u6bd4\u8f03\u653e\u5fc3\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u56e0\u70ba\u5b89\u5168\u8207\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8ecd\u968a\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5c01\u9589\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5718\u9ad4\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u591a\u4e00\u4efd\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u800c\u5728\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u66c9\u66a2\u570b\u8a9e\uff0c\u90b1\u90e8\u9577\u7684\u53f0\u8a9e\u537b\u9060\u4e0d\u5982\u9673\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5805\u6301\u7528\u53f0\u8a9e\u8cea\u8a62\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u8b93\u90e8\u9577\u8655\u65bc\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7b49\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1f\u4f46\u5c0d\u8ecd\u4eba\u4ee5\u6230\u52dd\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u8a13\u7df4\u8207\u908f\u8f2f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4f54\u64da\u5236\u9ad8\u9ede(\u6709\u5229\u4f4d\u7f6e)\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u5c0d\u7b49\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5fc5\u6557\u7121\u7591\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u9673\u59d4\u54e1\u537b\u8a8d\u70ba\u90b1\u90e8\u9577\u660e\u660e\u807d\u5f97\u61c2\uff0c\u537b\u5805\u6301\u7531\u5e38\u6b21\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u662f\u770b\u4e0d\u8d77\u6bcd\u8a9e\u3001\u300c\u9d28\u9738\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5435\u8d77\u4f86\u4f7f\u8cea\u8a62\u5931\u7126\u3002\u4f46\u99ae\u4e16\u5bec\u8207\u90b1\u570b\u6b63\u53ef\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u8edf\u67ff\u5b50\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u8ecd\u65b9\u9577\u671f\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u5805\u6301\u7528\u53f0\u8a9e\u8cea\u8a62\u8ecd\u65b9\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u8a66\u5716\u5efa\u7acb\u7058\u982d\u5821\u7684\u82f1\u52c7\u8868\u73fe\uff1b\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u66b4\u864e\u99ae\u6cb3\uff0c\u65e2\u7f3a\u4e4f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u624b\u8155\uff0c\u66f4\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u8207\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528\u97cb\u4f2f\u770b\u7d20\u4eba\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u70ba\u653f\u6709\u71b1\u60c5\u4e0d\u5920\uff0c\u9084\u9700\u6709\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u8207\u8cac\u4efb\u611f<\/h2>\n

\u97cb\u4f2f(Max Weber)\u5728\u3008\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u70ba\u5fd7\u696d\u3009(Politik als Beruf)\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u70ba\u8077\u5fd7\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u517c\u5177\u71b1\u60c5\u3001\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u8207\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\u3002\u4ee5\u9673\u67cf\u60df\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u7d20\u4eba\u96d6\u5145\u6eff\u71b1\u60c5\uff0c\u537b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u9700\u8981\u9577\u671f\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8207\u53cd\u8986\u8a66\u7149\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u8cac\u5099\u5247\u5931\u4e4b\u516c\u5141\u3002\u4f46\u97cb\u4f2f\u8ac7\u5230\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\u6642\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5340\u5206\u4e86\u300c\u5b58\u5fc3\u502b\u7406\u300d(Gesinnungsethik)\u8207\u300c\u8cac\u4efb\u502b\u7406\u300d(Verantwortungsethik)\uff1a\u4f5c\u70ba\u300c\u5b58\u5fc3\u502b\u7406\u300d\u7684\u71b1\u60c5\uff0c\u53ea\u5728\u4e4e\u52d5\u6a5f\u7d14\u6b63\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u8996\u65bc\u7d50\u679c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7d50\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u8207\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u8cac\u4efb\u53ea\u5728\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u611a\u6627\u3002\u4f46\u300c\u8cac\u4efb\u502b\u7406\u300d\u4e0d\u6703\u5047\u8a2d\u4eba\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u628a\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u8f49\u5ac1\u7d66\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8877\u5fc3\u8868\u793a\u9019\u500b\u884c\u52d5\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u627f\u64d4\u8d77\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5f8c\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u552f\u6709\u9858\u610f\u627f\u64d4\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u71b1\u60c5\u624d\u80fd\u5f9e\u300c\u6c92\u6709\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u4ea2\u596e\u300d\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u5c0d\u52d9\u5be6\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u71b1\u60c5\u6295\u5165\u3002\u800c\u7528\u71b1\u60c5\u4f86\u8ffd\u5c0b\u52d9\u5be6\u7406\u60f3\u6642\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u5c0d\u76ee\u6a19\u8ca0\u8d77\u8cac\u4efb\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u52d9\u5be6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e0b\uff0c\u71b1\u60c5\u624d\u6703\u5c0d\u4eba\u8207\u4e8b\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u4e5f\u624d\u80fd\u904b\u7528\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u4f86\u5982\u5be6\u9762\u5c0d\u60c5\u52e2\u3002\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u626e\u6f14\u4e00\u500b\u56e0\u70ba\u771f\u6b63\u5c0d\u8cac\u4efb\u6709\u71b1\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u61c2\u5f97\u81ea\u6211\u514b\u5236\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3002\u624d\u4e0d\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u7a7a\u6709\u71b1\u60c5\u800c\u4e0d\u52d9\u5be6\uff0c\u65e2\u7121\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u53c8\u6c88\u9189\u65bc\u865b\u69ae\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u617e\u671b\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u8207\u667a\u6167\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u73a9\u7968\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653f\u6cbb\u73a9\u7968\u8005\u7684\u7d50\u679c<\/h2>\n

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