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\"\"<\/p>\n

\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u70ba JOHN OSBURG \uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u7f85\u5fb9\u65af\u7279\u5927\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed6\u591a\u5e74\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u5a5a\u59fb\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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\u5728\u7576\u6642\u6d41\u50b3\u7684\u6b4c\u8b20\u6216\u662f\u8efc\u4e8b\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4f86\u81ea\u8fb2\u6751\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u5e79\u90e8\u7121\u4e0d\u8a08\u756b\u8457\uff0c\u8981\u8207\u4f4f\u5728\u90fd\u5e02\u5167\u524d\u5730\u4e3b\u7684\u5973\u5152\u767c\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5730\u4e3b\u9019\u7a2e\u6709\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7684\u793e\u6703\u88e1\u5be6\u5c6c\u654f\u611f\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u524d\u5730\u4e3b\u7684\u5973\u5152\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bd4\u7121\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u8fb2\u6c11\u5973\u6027\u6709\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7d93\u6b77 1978 \u5e74\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6539\u9769\u5f8c\uff0c\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5a5a\u59fb\u80cc\u5f8c\u6db5\u84cb\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u8f49\u79fb\u66f4\u7121\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8cfc\u8cb7\u65b0\u5a18\u3001\u5ac1\u599d\u7b49\u7fd2\u4fd7\u91cd\u65b0\u53c8\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u9109\u6751\u5730\u5e36\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u8207\u9109\u6751\u5728\u7d93\u6539\u9769\u5f8c\u7d93\u6fdf\u72c0\u6cc1\u6539\u5584\u6709\u95dc\u9023\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u6642\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u3001\u7d0d\u59be\u6216\u662f\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5a66\u5973\u7b49\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e5f\u91cd\u65b0\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u9019\u6642\u8a31\u591a\u4f01\u696d\u5bb6\u5df2\u6c92\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u8a8d\u540c\u50be\u5411\u7684\u7591\u616e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u624b\u88e1\u7684\u9322\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u5a5a\u59fb\u5e02\u5834\u4e0a\u7684\u6436\u624b\u8ca8\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u73fe\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u4e2d\u570b\u5973\u6027\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7b49\u50f9\u4ea4\u63db\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u62ff\u9752\u6625\u8089\u9ad4\u4f86\u63db\u53d6\u91d1\u9322\u3001\u6b0a\u52e2\uff0c\u4e26\u7121\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u59a5\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u5929\u7d93\u5730\u7fa9\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6 Viviana Zelizer \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u4e0d\u904e\u5c31\u662f\u300d(nothing but) \u7406\u8ad6: \u4eba\u5011\u7684\u89aa\u5bc6\u95dc\u4fc2\u5176\u5be6\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4f86\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u5e02\u5834\u9700\u6c42\u6240\u652f\u914d\u3002\u4f9d\u7167\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u770b\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5a5a\u59fb\u8207\u5169\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0d\u904e\u5c31\u662f\u7b46\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5f9e\u8def\u908a\u91ce\u96de\u5230\u6f02\u4eae\u4e8c\u5976\uff0c\u90a3\u70ba\u4f55\u4e0d\u9078\u6700\u597d\u7684?<\/span><\/p>\n

1990 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u76f8\u89aa\u5927\u8cfd\u958b\u59cb\u76db\u884c<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4e2d\u570b\u5973\u6027\u5982\u679c\u8981\u9032\u5165\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u300c\u4ea4\u6613\u300d\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u767b\u5fb5\u5a5a\u5ee3\u544a\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u5a5a\u53cb\u793e\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u5f9e 1990 \u5e74\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6578\u4e0d\u76e1\u7684\u8d85\u7d1a\u4e2d\u5e74\u5bcc\u8c6a\u7537\u6027\u5c31\u5f9e\u9019\u4e9b\u5fb5\u5a5a\u5ee3\u544a\u4e0b\u624b\uff0c\u8209\u8fa6\u76f8\u89aa\u6d3e\u5c0d\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5b89\u6392\u7279\u5225\u6311\u6230\u8cfd\u4f86\u627e\u5c0b\u5408\u9069\u59bb\u5b50\u4eba\u9078\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e2d\u9078\u7684\u65b0\u5a18\u5011\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u540c\u8cea\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ef2\u4ecb\u9019\u7a2e\u5a5a\u53cb\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5f8b\u5e2b\u4f55\u65b0 (\u97f3\u8b6f) \u5c31\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u900f\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u627e\u8001\u5a46\u7684\u9ec3\u91d1\u55ae\u8eab\u6f22\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5e74\u8f15\u3001\u6f02\u4eae\u3001\u76ae\u819a\u597d\u3001\u53ef\u611b\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u662f\u8655\u5973\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7537\u4eba\u559c\u6b61\u8655\u5973\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u7a00\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u5831\u7d19\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u627f\u8a8d\u5979\u5011\u611b\u9322\u3002\u6709\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c31\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f86\u81ea\u5927\u9023\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u5973\u751f\u4ee5\u524d\u5c0d\u65bc\u548c\u8001\u7537\u4eba\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u540c\u5b78\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f6e\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4e00\u5e74\u904e\u5f8c\uff0c\u5979\u300c\u958b\u7ac5\u300d\u4e86\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u9322\u80fd\u5920\u5e36\u7d66\u5979\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u6301\u8655\u5973\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e02\u5834\u8ce3\u500b\u597d\u50f9\u9322<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u5973\u6027\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u770b\u5f85\u5a5a\u59fb\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u8aaa:\u300c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5ac1\u7d66\u4e00\u500b\u666e\u901a\u4eba\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u7d42\u4e86\uff1b\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5ac1\u7d66\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u9322\u4eba\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u9084\u6703\u6709\u9ede\u9322\u3002\u300d\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u7684\u8655\u5973\u60c5\u7bc0\u5b8c\u5168\u8868\u9054\u7236\u6b0a\u3001\u904e\u6642\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4e5f\u6709\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u8655\u5973\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e02\u5834\u4e0a\u300c\u8ce3\u500b\u597d\u50f9\u9322\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5728\u9019\u985e\u7684\u5fb5\u5a5a\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u812b\u7a4e\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u7f8e\u8c8c\u3001\u8eab\u6750\u7684\u5be6\u8cea\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u512a\u52e2\u4e5f\u5408\u7406\u5316\u5973\u6027\u5343\u65b9\u767e\u8a08\u8981\u6500\u4e0a\u9ad8\u679d\u7576\u9cf3\u51f0\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u6709\u9322\u7537\u6027\u8eab\u908a\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5982\u679c\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u4ee3\u8868\u7537\u6027\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u7537\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u696d\u6210\u5c31\u8207\u6709\u9322\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u7684\u617e\u671b\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u9e97\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u5dee\u7570\u4e5f\u53ef\u5f9e\u5979\u5011\u5a5a\u5f8c\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u9ede\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u3002\u300c\u6210\u529f\u300d\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5011\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u9054\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u3001\u6b50\u6d32\u7b49\u5730\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u5fb5\u5a5a\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u6c92\u90a3\u9ebc\u51fa\u8272\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u6703\u5b89\u6170\u81ea\u5df1\u8aaa:\u300c\u6216\u8a31\u6211\u6c92\u6cd5\u914d\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u8eab\u50f9\u4e0a\u5104\u7684\u5bcc\u8c6a\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u500b\u8eab\u50f9\u5343\u842c\u7684\u5ac1\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53ea\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ca0\u8cac\u5973\u65b9\u958b\u92b7\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u82b1\u82b1\u516c\u5b50<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u4e2d\u5171\u6539\u9769\u8005\u975e\u5e38\u52aa\u529b\u60f3\u8981\u5ba3\u63da\u611f\u60c5\u70ba\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e3b\u8981\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u8207\u8fb2\u6751\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u4ecd\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5a5a\u59fb\u6216\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7537\u5973\u60c5\u611b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u3002\u6709\u9322\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u5a66\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u96d9\u65b9\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u5e38\u4ee5\u7269\u8cea\u4f5c\u70ba\u5224\u65b7\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u662f\u5426\u6eff\u8db3\u60c5\u5a66\u7684\u958b\u92b7\u617e\u671b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u91d1\u9322\u8cc7\u6e90\u7d66\u60c5\u5a66\u7684\u89aa\u621a\u5011\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7aae\u82e6\u8fb2\u6751\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u5973\u6027\u7279\u5225\u5c0d\u300c\u904e\u7684\u597d\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u6709\u5171\u9cf4\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee5\u60c5\u611f\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u78ba\u4fdd\u751f\u6d3b\u7121\u865e\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ee5\u6b64\u505a\u70ba\u6aa2\u8996\u7537\u6027\u662f\u5426\u5c0d\u4f34\u4fb6\u3001\u60c5\u5a66\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u3001\u8861\u91cf\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u7537\u6027\u82e5\u6703\u8ca0\u8cac\u5973\u65b9\u958b\u92b7\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u300c\u82b1\u82b1\u516c\u5b50\u300d\u7684\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7537\u6027\u3002\u82b1\u82b1\u516c\u5b50\u5247\u53ea\u6703\u51fa\u4e00\u5f35\u5634\uff0c\u537b\u6c92\u5be6\u8cea\u64d4\u7576\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fb2\u6751\u5973\u6027\u5f9e\u5c0f\u53ea\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u5ac1\u500b\u597d\u8001\u516c<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c08\u5beb\u5bb6\u5ead\u5c08\u6b04\u7684\u6210\u90fd\u8a18\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u9109\u4e0b\u5ee3\u70ba\u6d41\u50b3\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u5f9e\u5c0f\u88ab\u6559\u5c0e\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f9b\u990a\u5168\u5bb6\u958b\u92b7\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u9577\u5927\u5ac1\u500b\u597d\u8001\u516c\u3002\u800c\u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u8fb2\u6751\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4e5f\u53ea\u60f3\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u627e\u500b\u6709\u9322\u4eba\u5ac1\u6389\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u662f\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u6559\u990a\u614b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u89c0\u5ff5\u8f49\u8b8a\u88e1\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5973\u5152\u80fd\u5728\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u88e1\u904e\u8457\u8212\u9069\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u4e0d\u7528\u9077\u5c31\u65bc\u9ad8\u5de5\u6642\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u7a98\u6cc1\uff0c\u4f55\u6a02\u800c\u4e0d\u70ba\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7236\u6bcd\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u793e\u6703\u88e1\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u4f9b\u990a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8001\u5a46\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u9023\u5cb3\u7236\u5cb3\u6bcd\u4e5f\u4e00\u8d77\u990a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u6642\u6709 3 \u500b\u60c5\u5a66\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u5546\u4eba\u5c31\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u7a2e\u91d1\u9322\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f:\u300c\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u61f6\u60f0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u611b\u865b\u83ef\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u666e\u901a\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u8a66\u60f3\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u5e74\u624d\u80fd\u8cb7\u5230\u4e00\u9593\u516c\u5bd3? \u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u9322\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u554f\u984c\u77ac\u9593\u5c31\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u5c11\u596e\u9b25\u500b\u597d\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n

80\u300190 \u5e74\u4ee3\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u5949\u6069\u683c\u65af\u7406\u8ad6\u70ba\u572d\u81ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u8a31\u591a\u5bcc\u5546\u653f\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u5a66\u3001\u5c0f\u4e09\u3001\u5c0f\u56db\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f8e\u8c8c\u8d0f\u5f97\u7269\u8cea\u751f\u6d3b\u4eab\u53d7\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5c0f\u4e09\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5a5a\u5916\u60c5\u662f\u51fa\u81ea\u65bc\u6d6a\u6f2b\u7684\u611b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f90\u66c9\u7fa4 (\u97f3\u8b6f) \u6307\u51fa\u8a31\u591a 80\u300190 \u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u6069\u683c\u65af\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u89c0\u5f71\u97ff\u751a\u9245\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u88ab\u5979\u5011\u5949\u70ba\u572d\u81ec\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u611b\u7684\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5efa\u69cb\u4e0a\u5169\u60c5\u76f8\u6085\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u647b\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u7d93\u6fdf\u6216\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u7537\u6027\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u540c\u5c0f\u7570\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u8207\u60c5\u5a66\u3001\u5c0f\u4e09\u7684\u611b\u624d\u662f\u4e7e\u67f4\u70c8\u706b\u71d2\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7684\u611b\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u591c\u60c5\u9019\u7a2e\u9732\u6c34\u59fb\u7de3\uff0c\u4e0d\u727d\u626f\u5230\u9577\u671f\u76f8\u8655\u6216\u662f\u592b\u59bb\u9593\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u91d1\u9322\u7cfe\u7d1b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b98\u54e1\u7684\u8caa\u6c59\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u770b\u5c0f\u4e09\u6709\u5e7e\u500b<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u60c5\u5a66\u5c0f\u4e09\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u52d5\u7684\u82b1\u9322\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3b\u52d5\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u54e1\u7684\u60c5\u5a66\u5011\u65b0\u805e\u7248\u9762\u4e5f\u633a\u591a\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u4e00\u4efd 2000 \u5e74\u6642\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c100 \u4ef6\u8caa\u6c59\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709 93 \u4ef6\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u5b98\u54e1\u8eab\u908a\u7684\u60c5\u5a66\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u9805\u5c08\u9580\u91dd\u5c0d\u5ee3\u6771\u7701\u5167\u7684\u8caa\u6c61\u8abf\u67e5\u88e1\uff0c\u66f4\u986f\u793a\u6bcf\u4ef6\u6848\u4ef6\u88e1\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u60c5\u5a66\u7684\u727d\u6d89\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u65b0\u805e\u4e5f\u5e38\u4ee5\u60c5\u5a66\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u591a\u5be1\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u9451\u5b9a\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b98\u54e1\u7684\u8caa\u8150\u5ea6\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u60c5\u5a66\u5011\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u80cc\u4e0a\u8a31\u591a\u8ca0\u9762\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7f75\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\u5012\u662f\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u82e5\u8981\u67e5\u8caa\u8150\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5c31\u8981\u5148\u62c9\u650f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b98\u54e1\u8eab\u908a\u7684\u5c0f\u59be\u5011\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u624d\u662f\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u52a9\u624b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u524d\u5317\u4eac\u526f\u5e02\u9577\u8caa\u8150\u6848\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7206\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u67d0\u4f4d\u5c0f\u59be\u5fc3\u61f7\u4e0d\u6eff\u624d\u5411\u5916\u7206\u6599\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5b98\u54e1\u7684\u6795\u908a\u4eba\u5011\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b98\u54e1\u6aaf\u9762\u4e0b\u7684\u9aaf\u9ad2\u4e8b\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u5f97\u4e00\u6e05\u4e8c\u695a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u6536\u53d7\u79ae\u7269\u3001\u516c\u5bd3\u3001\u540d\u8eca\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7aff\u7684\u60c5\u5a66\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u4e3b\u5c0e\u8caa\u8150\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5979\u5011\u513c\u7136\u6210\u70ba\u5b98\u54e1\u79c1\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6536\u53d7\u8cc4\u7d61\u3002\u9b5a\u5e6b\u6c34\u6c34\u5e6b\u9b5a\uff0c\u5b98\u54e1\u6703\u53e6\u5916\u5e6b\u52a9\u5979\u5011\u6210\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8b\u696d\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7372\u5f97\u516c\u8077\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u540d\u6cb3\u5317\u7684\u524d\u7a05\u52d9\u5b98\u54e1\u517c\u9ee8\u79d8\u66f8\u56e0\u8cc4\u7d61\u5728 2003 \u5e74\u88ab\u5224\u6b7b\u5211\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u884c\u5211\u524d\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u5728\u4efb\u671f\u5167\u5e38\u5229\u7528\u8077\u52d9\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60c5\u5a66\u958b\u5c55\u4e8b\u696d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7372\u5f97\u653f\u5e9c\u767c\u5305\u6848\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c0f\u4e09\u9001\u9032\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u8077\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u60f3\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u653f\u5546\u754c\u7684\u826f\u597d\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\uff0c\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u60c5\u5a66\u90fd\u80fd\u7372\u5229\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5973\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u638c\u4e2d\u7269\u5f8c\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8b8a\u6210\u5979\u7684\u5974\u96b8<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6216\u8a31\u90a3\u53ea\u662f\u60e1\u884c\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u62ab\u9732\u6642\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u8085\u8caa\u96f7\u53b2\u98a8\u884c\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5b98\u54e1\u88ab\u6355\u5f8c\uff0c\u6703\u5229\u7528\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6279\u5224\u6216\u6027\u5225\u6b67\u8996\uff0c\u5e38\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u53cd\u904e\u982d\u4f86\u63a7\u8a34\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u8cac\u602a\u5979\u5011\u5229\u7528\u7f8e\u8272\u8a98\u60d1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u7121\u6cd5\u81ea\u5236\u9032\u800c\u72af\u4e0b\u8caa\u6c59\u7b49\u7f6a\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u540d\u91cd\u6176\u904b\u8f38\u5c40\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u5b98\u54e1\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u8faf\u8b77\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5728\u5979\u9762\u524d\u8dea\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u8b93\u6211\u8d70\u3002\u6211\u592a\u8edf\u5f31\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u53ea\u60f3\u69a8\u4e7e\u6211\u3002\u300d\u90a3\u540d\u6cb3\u5317\u7684\u524d\u7a05\u52d9\u5b98\u54e1\u4e5f\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u8b49\u8a5e\uff1a\u300c\u7576\u5973\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u638c\u4e2d\u7269\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u53cd\u800c\u8b8a\u6210\u5979\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u540d\u53d7\u8a2a\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u4e3b\u5c31\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u9ad8\u5b98\u6216\u5bcc\u5546\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u53d7\u6027\u885d\u52d5\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7576\u4e00\u540d\u8c8c\u7f8e\u5973\u5b50\u7a81\u7136\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6642\u5019\u3002\u8a66\u60f3\u4e00\u540d\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e0d\u6eff\u8db3\u7684\u5bcc\u5546\uff0c\u5728\u56e0\u7de3\u969b\u6703\u4e0b\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u525b\u597d\u662f\u4ed6\u5922\u5bd0\u4ee5\u6c42\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u4f34\u4fb6\u6642\uff0c\u90a3\u8a98\u60d1\u5be6\u5728\u62b5\u64cb\u4e0d\u4f4f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u90a3\u540d\u6cb3\u5317\u524d\u5b98\u54e1\u5e74\u8f15\u6642\u66fe\u559c\u6b61\u4e0a\u4e00\u540d\u65e5\u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u60c5\u5a66\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u6bb5\u6b61\u6a02\u7684\u6642\u5149\u4e26\u672a\u6301\u7e8c\u592a\u4e45\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u56e0\u70ba\u8caa\u8150\u7f6a\u540d\u800c\u8dd1\u8def\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u540d\u5973\u6027\u5411\u7576\u5c40\u96a8\u6642\u8209\u5831\u7684\u4ed6\u96b1\u85cf\u5730\u9ede\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6848\u4ef6\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u6240\u6563\u767c\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u6027\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u5f15\u51fa\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u72d0\u72f8\u7cbe\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u72d0\u72f8\u7cbe\u5728\u6587\u5b78\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u626e\u6f14\u52fe\u5f15\u5584\u826f\u7537\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5f15\u5c0e\u4ed6\u5011\u812b\u96e2\u6b63\u9014\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b89\u5b88\u672c\u5206\u7684\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u5247\u88ab\u8aaa\u6210\u662f\u6015\u8001\u5a46\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6df1\u77e5\u904e\u5ea6\u6c88\u6eba\u65bc\u6027\u611b\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u592a\u591a\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u6703\u61c9\u4ed8\u4e0d\u4f86\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u591c\u60c5\u73a9\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u7e3d\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u6703\u73a9\u706b\u4e0a\u8eab\u7b49\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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