{"id":17023,"date":"2014-12-19T14:35:58","date_gmt":"2014-12-19T06:35:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2014\/12\/19\/slave-cotton-capitalism\/"},"modified":"2014-12-19T14:35:58","modified_gmt":"2014-12-19T06:35:58","slug":"slave-cotton-capitalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2014\/12\/19\/slave-cotton-capitalism\/","title":{"rendered":"\u767d\u5929\u63a1\u68c9\u82b1\u3001\u591c\u88e1\u906d\u6bd2\u6253\uff0c\u9ed1\u5974\u8840\u6c57\u9020\u5c31\u6b50\u7f8e\u5927\u570b\u7e41\u69ae"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/farm6.staticflickr.com\/5549\/10686341273_896a826bf7_b.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/farm6.staticflickr.com\/5549\/10686341273_896a826bf7_b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"307\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u770b\u904e\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u5fc3\u300b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u5fd8\u8a18\u6709\u4e00\u5e55\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u9ed1\u5974\u88ab\u88f8\u8eab\u7d81\u5728\u67f1\u5b50\u4e0a\u72e0\u72e0\u97ad\u6253\u3002\u5979\u5728\u65e9\u4e0a\u53ef\u662f\u63a1\u68c9\u82b1\u9ad8\u624b\uff0c\u665a\u4e0a\u537b\u88ab\u4e3b\u4eba\u5f37\u59e6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u906d\u5230\u4e3b\u6bcd\u5ac9\u5992\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5916\u4e4e\u95dc\u65bc\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\u8207\u68c9\u7522\u696d\u3001\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u8207\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6642\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u5ee2\u9664\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5f2d\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8ac7\u68c9\u7522\u696d\u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u6c92\u6709\u932f\uff0c\u4e00\u7aba\u68c9\u82b1\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u73fe\u4ee3\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u59cb\u6e90\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u9700\u6c42\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u6bcf<strong> 65 \u4eba\u5c31\u6709 1 \u4eba\u5f9e\u4e8b\u76f8\u95dc\u5de5\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u9019\u6bb5\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u8981\u5f9e\u4e00\u516b\u516d\u4e00\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u8aaa\u8d77\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u6771\u90e8\u5357\u5361\u7f85\u4f86\u7d0d\u5dde\u7684\u85a9\u59c6\u7279\u5821 (Fort Sumter) \u906d\u5230\u7832\u8f5f\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u6797\u80af\u5c0d\u5357\u65b9\u5ba3\u6230\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u65bc\u662f\u7206\u767c\u3002\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u68c9\u7522\u696d\u662f\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u55ae\u5c31\u6578\u64da\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u7522\u696d\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\u6578\u91cf\u3001\u7522\u51fa\u8207\u7372\u5229\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7522\u696d\u6bd4\u5f97\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u5927\u81bd\u9810\u4f30\u7576\u6642\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u61c9\u6709\u5169\u5343\u842c\u4eba\u6295\u5165\u76f8\u95dc\u7522\u696d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u6578\u5b57\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u7576\u6642\u7684\u7e3d\u4eba\u53e3\u5427\uff01\u53ef\u662f\u7b49\u65bc\u6bcf\u516d\u5341\u4e94\u500b\u4eba\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u7a2e\u68c9\u82b1\u3001\u63a1\u68c9\u82b1\u6216\u751f\u7522\u68c9\u88fd\u54c1\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u55ae\u55ae\u82f1\u570b\u5c31\u6709\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5230\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u5f9e\u4e8b\u76f8\u95dc\u7522\u696d\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u6295\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e7e\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u90fd\u548c\u7d21\u7e54\u54c1\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u5305\u542b\u7f8e\u570b\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4ef0\u8cf4\u7576\u6642\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3\u4f9b\u61c9\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u4fbf\u5b9c\u68c9\u82b1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u7522\u696d\u7684\u8301\u58ef\u70ba\u6b50\u6d32\u88fd\u9020\u5546\u5e36\u4f86\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff0c\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u66f4\u628a\u7f8e\u570b\u63a8\u4e0a\u4e16\u754c\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u5149\u662f\u51fa\u53e3\u68c9\u82b1\u5c31\u98fd\u4e86\uff0c\u6642\u503c\u5167\u6230\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u4ecd\u4f54\u4e86\u7e3d\u51fa\u53e3\u7684 61%\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u60f3\u50cf 1780 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u50c5\u662f\u5168\u7403\u4e3b\u8981\u7d93\u6fdf\u5708\u7684\u65c1\u89c0\u8005\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1861 \u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u9818\u982d\uff0d\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u958b\u59cb\u7dca\u5f35\u4e86\uff0c\u537b\u773c\u775c\u775c\u770b\u8457\u767d\u91d1\u904b\u5f80\u7d10\u7d04\u3001\u7d10\u6fb3\u826f\u7b49\u7f8e\u570b\u6e2f\u53e3\u30021850 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u516b\u5104\u78c5\u68c9\u82b1\u4e2d\u6709 77% \u4f86\u81ea\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u6709 90%\u3001\u95dc\u7a05\u540c\u76df\u5340\u6709 60%\u3001\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u6709 92%\uff0c\u90fd\u5f9e\u7f8e\u570b\u9032\u53e3\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7e3d\u91cf\u6709\u591a\u9f90\u5927\uff01<\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/farm6.staticflickr.com\/5001\/5279901624_b3e78ece80_z.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/farm6.staticflickr.com\/5001\/5279901624_b3e78ece80_z.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"432\" \/><\/a><strong>\u52de\u529b\uff0b\u571f\u5730\uff0b\u8cc7\u672c\uff0c\u300c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5927\u9ebb\u300d\u6253\u9020\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5be6\u529b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u7f8e\u570b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u5920\u8fc5\u901f\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u4e09\u9805\u7522\u51fa\u68c9\u82b1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u5f48\u6027\u4f9b\u61c9\u7684\uff1a\u52de\u529b\u3001\u571f\u5730\u4ee5\u53ca\u8cc7\u672c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>1861 \u5e74\u7684\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u4eba\u300b\u5beb\u904e\u4e00\u6bb5\u8a71\uff1a\u300c\u7a2e\u690d\u8005\u4e0d\u7528\u82b1\u8cbb\u4e00\u5206\u4e00\u6beb\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u5145\u6c9b\u4e4b\u9918\u9084\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5404\u500b\u8cbf\u6613\u6a5f\u69cb\u90fd\u5728\u90a3\u88cf\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u7f8e\u570b\u5728\u68c9\u82b1\u5e02\u5834\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002\u300d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u672c\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u7e41\u69ae\u5230\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u53bb\uff0c<span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u8a69\u4eba John Greenleaf Whittier \u751a\u81f3\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5927\u9ebb\u300d<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u64f4\u5f35\u52e2\u529b\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u540c\u6642\u7d66\u4e88\u773e\u4eba\u6709\u529b\u800c\u8ff7\u5e7b\u7684\u5922\u60f3\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u529b\uff0c\u69cb\u7bc9\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u8212\u9069\u7684\u8015\u8018\u5730\u5145\u6eff\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u5929\u5802\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u8907\u96dc\u800c\u6d3b\u7d61\u3001\u751f\u7522\u7bc4\u570d\u6975\u5ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u4e0d\u9858\u9762\u5c0d\u4ee5\u5f80\u72af\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u62b9\u715e\u5fb5\u7528\u5974\u96b8\u548c\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u523b\u5283\u9ad8\u5c1a\u3001\u7d14\u6f54\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9084\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u7ad9\u51fa\u4f86\u8aaa\u4eba\u8a71\uff0c\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u5bb6\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u8a8d\u77e5\u5230\u8f15\u67d4\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u8db3\u4ee5\u91cd\u5851\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u570b\u6b96\u6c11\u5b98\u54e1 Herman Merivale \u4e5f\u8aaa\u4e86\uff0c\u5883\u5167\u57ce\u5e02\u66fc\u5fb9\u65af\u7279\u3001\u5229\u7269\u6d66\u7684\u7e41\u69ae\u5b8c\u5168\u4ef0\u8cf4\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u8840\u6c57\u8f9b\u52de\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5f92\u624b\u6316\u6398\u78bc\u982d\u3001\u8d64\u624b\u6253\u9020\u84b8\u6c7d\u6a5f\u4e00\u822c\u3002\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5e36\u52d5\u5468\u908a\u751f\u7522\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u7d93\u6fdf\u64f4\u5f35\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5145\u6c9b\u7684\u52de\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5148\u6c7a\u689d\u4ef6\u662f\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u904b\u7528\u5bcc\u9952\u7684\u571f\u5730\u7522\u51fa\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f9b\u61c9\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u539f\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u6176\u795d\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\u5e36\u4f86\u7269\u8cea\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5021\u8b70\u5ee2\u9664\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u540c\u610f 1850 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u7684\u78ba\u5fc5\u9808\u4ef0\u8cf4\u300c\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8105\u8feb\u300d\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f37\u786c\u7684\u52de\u529b\u4ed8\u51fa\u3002\u5974\u96b8\u63a8\u52d5\u7522\u696d\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e26\u5e36\u4f86\u53ef\u89c0\u7684\u7372\u5229\u3002<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u96b1\u6182\u662f\uff0c\u91d1\u78a7\u8f1d\u714c\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u5927\u9678\u751f\u6839\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u7522\u696d\uff0c\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u653f\u6cbb\u5c64\u9762\u90fd\u9084\u4e0d\u592a\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u689d\u7522\u696d\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u652f\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u82f1\u570b\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u5bb6 Leone Levi \u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u68c9\u7522\u696d\u5176\u5be6\u5f88\u8106\u5f31\uff0c\u798f\u5229\u4e4d\u770b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u300c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u842c\u52de\u5de5\u751f\u8207\u6b7b\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5df2\u958b\u767c\u5de5\u696d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7e41\u69ae\u6216\u60b2\u5287\u300d\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u6cc1\u4e14\uff0c\u5974\u96b8\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u90e8\u5206\u751f\u7522\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\uff0c\u66fc\u5fb9\u65af\u7279\u68c9\u82b1\u4f9b\u61c9\u5354\u6703 (Manchester Cotton Supply Association) \u7126\u616e\u7684\u662f\u5974\u96b8\u5177\u5099\u62b5\u6297\u751a\u81f3\u53cd\u53db\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u300c\u4ee5\u5974\u96b8\u505a\u70ba\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fe1\u4efb\u300d\u4f86\u81ea\u4e00\u516b\u516d\u4e00\u5e74\u5354\u6703\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u300c\u6050\u61fc\u65bc\u5974\u96b8\u66b4\u52d5\u8207\u6c11\u9593\u7684\u8e81\u52d5\u300d\u7b49\u5b57\u773c\u4e5f\u898b\u65bc\u5176\u520a\u7269\u4e0a\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u502b\u6566\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5e02\u5834\u90fd\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6b64\u80a1\u64d4\u6182\uff0c<strong>\u300c\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u5fc3\u9748\u4e0a\u548c\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e0a\u7684\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5960\u57fa\u65bc\u4e0d\u6b63\u7fa9\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u7206\u767c\u7684\u96b1\u6182\uff1a\u5021\u8b70\u5e73\u7b49\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u5c0d\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u610f\u898b\u76f8\u5de6\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5c0d\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u7522\u696d\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u8105\u3002\u5357\u65b9\u770b\u5f85\u68c9\u82b1\u7522\u696d\u7684\u7368\u7279\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\uff0c\u8207\u5317\u65b9\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u76f8\u4e92\u78b0\u649e\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u4e0d\u65b7\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u64f4\u5f35\uff0c\u70ba\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u5e36\u4f86\u83ab\u5927\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u571f\u5730\u548c\u88ab\u62b5\u62bc\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u63db\u4f86\u5357\u81f3\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u862d\u958b\u590f\u90e1\u7684\u8015\u7a2e\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u516b\u516d\u96f6\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5317\u65b9\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u6297\u8b70\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u534a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c\u53c8\u5f15\u767c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u3002\u6182\u65bc\u81ea\u8eab\u8ca1\u7522\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u7d22\u6027\u812b\u624b\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e86\u8ced\u6ce8\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u5925\u4f34\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u53ef\u89c0\u7684\u7372\u5229\u4ecb\u5165\u626e\u6f14\u7dad\u8b77\u4e16\u754c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5357\u65b9\u8015\u8018\u5730\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u738b\u570b\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u66ab\u6b47\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u8c50\u9952\u571f\u5730\u548c\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u9592\u7f6e\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u52e2\u529b\u5982\u4f55\u7dad\u8b77\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ed6\u5011\u6301\u7e8c\u5f80\u897f\u908a\u958b\u767c\u571f\u5730\u3002\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u9818\u571f\u64f4\u5f35\u5c0d\u7dad\u7e6b\u7d93\u6fdf\u547d\u8108\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u52e2\u529b\u7686\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5171\u548c\u9ee8\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u6230\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u638c\u7ba1\u4eba\u985e\uff08\u5974\u96b8\uff09\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u8208\u9ee8\u6d3e\u7684\u8072\u63f4\u4e0b\u5c07\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5021\u8b70\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u52de\u5de5\u8207\u91cb\u51fa\u571f\u5730\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u5f9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7acb\u8db3\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u7684\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u9818\u571f\u7684\u6574\u5408\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u5168\u7403\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u5974\u96b8\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5167\u6230\u5c0d\u6574\u500b\u7522\u696d\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u500b\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u8003\u9a57\uff1a\u7522\u696d\u80fd\u5426\u9069\u61c9\u793e\u6703\u6df7\u4e82\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u5d29\u76e4\u6467\u6bc0\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u738b\u570b\uff0c\u4e26\u66ab\u6642\u5931\u53bb\u9019\u4e9b\u5929\u8cdc\u7684\u5925\u4f34\uff0d\u571f\u5730\u4ee5\u53ca\u5974\u96b8\u52de\u52d5\u529b\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/farm8.staticflickr.com\/7264\/7749126208_91443dabda_z.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/farm8.staticflickr.com\/7264\/7749126208_91443dabda_z.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"486\" height=\"599\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>\u5167\u6230\u7206\u767c\u3001\u68c9\u82b1\u7981\u904b\u3001\u89e3\u653e\u9ed1\u5974\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u7d42\u65bc\u5230\u4e86 1861 \u5e74 4 \u6708 12 \u65e5\uff0c\u5357\u65b9\u8ecd\u968a\u5728\u5357\u5361\u7f85\u4f86\u7d0d\u5dde (South Carolina) \u5c0d\u85a9\u59c6\u7279\u5821 (Fort Sumter) \u958b\u706b\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7576\u5730\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u751f\u7522\u5730\u8207\u8cbf\u6613\u7cfb\u7d71\u7522\u751f\u5c0f\u5c0f\u88c2\u7e2b\uff0c\u537b\u5371\u53ca\u6b63\u503c\u69ae\u666f\u7684\u5168\u7403\u68c9\u82b1\u7522\u696d\u548c\u4ee5\u6b64\u70ba\u6839\u57fa\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5167\u6230\u7684\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u5207\u65b7\u4e86\u81ea\u5f9e 1780 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u652f\u6490\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u68c9\u82b1\u751f\u7522\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u3002<span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>\u5357\u65b9\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6975\u529b\u8feb\u4f7f\u82f1\u570b\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u9580\u540c\u610f\u7981\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u68c9\u82b1\u51fa\u53e3\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u500b\u653f\u7b56\u6ce8\u5b9a\u6709\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c01\u9396\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u9032\u5230\u5317\u65b9\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8d70\u79c1\u7576\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u8d70\u79c1\u90fd\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u662f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u9632\u6b62\u68c9\u82b1\u4ee5\u8239\u96bb\u904b\u9001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51fa\u53e3\u5230\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u91cf\u5f9e 1860 \u5e74\u7684 380 \u842c\u5305\u5230 1862 \u5e74\u7adf\u7136\u5e7e\u4e4e\u70ba\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u6b64\u5f71\u97ff\u88ab\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u68c9\u82b1\u8352\u6b49\u300d(cotton famine)\uff0c\u4e26\u8fc5\u901f\u6ce2\u53ca\u7522\u696d\u91cd\u5851\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/strong>1865 \u5e74\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u51f1\u59c6\u5c3c\u8332 (Chemnitz)\uff0cSaxon \u68c9\u82b1\u88fd\u9020\u5546\u6703\uff08\u8a31\u591a\u5ee0\u5546\u5171\u540c\u7d44\u6210\uff09\u767c\u8868\u4e00\u9805\u8a87\u5927\u7684\u8072\u660e\uff1a<strong>\u300c\u8cbf\u6613\u53f2\u4e0a\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u904e\u53bb\u56db\u5e74\u767c\u751f\u5982\u6b64\u5de8\u5927\u548c\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5546\u4eba\u50b7\u900f\u8166\u7b4b\uff0c\u5c55\u958b\u760b\u72c2\u7684\u722d\u596a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7dad\u7e6b\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u7522\u696d\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u6240\u6709\u52aa\u529b\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u7a7a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u5920\u9810\u6599\u6230\u722d\u7d50\u675f\u6642\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u7522\u696d\u9084\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f1861 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href=\"\/\/cdn.theatlantic.com\/assets\/media\/img\/posts\/2014\/12\/053_Beck_9780375414145_art_r2\/64beae1ff.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"\/\/cdn.theatlantic.com\/assets\/media\/img\/posts\/2014\/12\/053_Beck_9780375414145_art_r2\/64beae1ff.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"246\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5f9e\u4e0a\u5716\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5df4\u897f\u3001\u57c3\u53ca\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u51fa\u53e3\u5e74\u5e74\u4e0a\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u65b0\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u52d5\u54e1\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u4f43\u8fb2\u5236\u5ea6\u8207\u50f1\u50ad<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u54e1\u4e5f\u900f\u904e\u6230\u722d\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u751f\u7522\u8981\u7d20\u5728\u65bc\u52de\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u571f\u5730\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u68c9\u82b1\u7684\u751f\u7522\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u66fc\u5fb9\u65af\u7279\u68c9\u82b1\u4f9b\u61c9\u5354\u6703\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u571f\u5730\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u689d\u4ef6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u4f86\u6e90\u537b\u662f\u6700\u96e3\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7d42\u65bc\uff0c1865 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\u5e74\u898b\u65bc\u502b\u6566\u7684\u5831\u7d19\uff1b\u5370\u5ea6\u6bcf\u65e5\u90f5\u5831\u4e5f\u5beb\u8457\uff1a\u300c\u68c9\u82b1\u50f9\u683c\u4e0b\u8dcc\u81f3\u4e00\u5148\u4ee4\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6050\u614c\u4e5f\u8fc5\u901f\u5f71\u97ff\u5b5f\u8cb7\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4f4d\u82f1\u570b\u89c0\u5bdf\u5bb6\u9a5a\u8a1d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5167\u6230\u7adf\u5c0d\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u300c\u770b\u5f97\u51fa\u4f86\u9019\u4e00\u5207\u767c\u751f\u5f97\u6709\u591a\u5feb\u300d\uff0c\u50f9\u683c\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u53ef\u4ee5\u9060\u81f3\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6bcf\u500b\u89d2\u843d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/farm4.staticflickr.com\/3860\/15371096675_5a40989c12_z.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/farm4.staticflickr.com\/3860\/15371096675_5a40989c12_z.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"401\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>\u4e16\u754c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u8b93\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u7d50\u69cb\u91cd\u7d44<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u78ba\u5be6\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\u4e2d\u5404\u500b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u767c\u751f\u986f\u8457\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u5047\u5982\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u662f\u68c9\u82b1\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u7d50\u69cb\u91cd\u7d44\u7684\u7df4\u7fd2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u91cd\u62fe\u81ea\u4fe1\u65bc\u5c07\u7522\u696d\u751f\u7522\u93c8\u56de\u6b78\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u770b\u8457\u7f8e\u570b\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u7070\u71fc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u773c\u4e2d\u4ecd\u662f\u524d\u9014\u4e00\u7247\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u770b\u8457\u6eff\u5c71\u6eff\u8c37\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u52de\u5de5\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u7a2e\u690d\u68c9\u82b1\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u8a8d\u77e5\u5230\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u4ed6\u5011\u5229\u7528\u7d21\u7e54\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8cbf\u6613\u7db2\u7d61\u7372\u53d6\u5229\u6f64\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u4ef0\u8cf4\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7dad\u8b77\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e86\u89e3\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5821\u58d8\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u6cd5\u570b\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u5728 1863 \u5e74\u7684\u9810\u8a00\u679c\u771f\u6c92\u932f\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u68c9\u82b1\u7a31\u9738\u7684\u738b\u570b\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u738b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7f77\u514d\u300d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><em>\u672c\u7bc7\u539f\u6587\u6539\u7de8\u81ea\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388 SVEN BECKERT \u8457\u4f5c\u300aEmpire of Cotton: A Global History\u300b\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<a href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/2014\/05\/28\/the-economic-history-beyond-the-movie-12-years-a-slave\/?utm_source=post%20BO&amp;utm_medium=related%20posts&amp;utm_campaign=2014%2F12%2F19%2Fslave-cotton-capitalism%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u3010\u770b\u96fb\u5f71\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u3011\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u5fc3\u300b\u80cc\u5f8c\u5f15\u7206\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u53f2\u722d\u8ad6<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/business\/archive\/2014\/12\/empire-of-cotton\/383660\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Atlantic<\/a>\uff1b\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/pinkcowphotography\/10686341273\/sizes\/l\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pink Cow Photography<\/a>\u2035\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/84626767@N04\/7749126208\/sizes\/z\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">casually cruel<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/kheelcenter\/5279901624\/sizes\/z\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kheel Center, Cornell University<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/saw_that\/15371096675\/sizes\/z\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">I saw_that<\/a>\uff0cCC Licensed\uff09<\/p>\n<div id=\"Leyout101\" style=\"text-indent: -26529px;width: 0px;height: 0px;color: #ffffff;font-size: 0.1px\">document.getElementById(&#8220;Leyout101&#8243;).style.display=&#8221;none&#8221;;<a href=\"\/\/astridbio.com\/wp-content\/gallery\/it.php?p=26\">lenti progressive <\/a><br \/>\n<a 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