{"id":16286,"date":"2015-03-17T14:03:02","date_gmt":"2015-03-17T06:03:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2015\/03\/17\/about-capital-in-the-twenty-first-century\/"},"modified":"2015-03-17T14:03:02","modified_gmt":"2015-03-17T06:03:02","slug":"about-capital-in-the-twenty-first-century","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2015\/03\/17\/about-capital-in-the-twenty-first-century\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u5927\u54c9\u554f\u2500\u2500\u95dc\u65bc\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u8cc7\u672c\u8ad6\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"field field-name-field-article-author field-type-text field-label-inline clearfix\">\n<div class=\"field-label\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" aligncenter\" src=\"\/\/opinion.cw.com.tw\/sites\/default\/files\/blog_articles\/main_image\/images\/7658205070_cb49629afd_z.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"594\" height=\"396\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-image-title field-type-text field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>photo credit\uff1a flickr@<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/76657755@N04\/7658205070\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tax Credits<\/a>, CC BY 2.0<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6797\u660e\u4ec1\u3001\u5f35\u8015\u9f4a<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u81ea 1980 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u89c0\u5bdf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u88e1\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53c8\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u70ba\u56b4\u91cd\u30022011 \u5e74\u7684\u4f54\u9818\u83ef\u723e\u8857\u904b\u52d5\uff08Occupy Wall Street\uff09\u66f4\u8b93\u6709\u95dc\u300c1% \u5c0d 99% \u6230\u722d\u300d\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u5230\u9054\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u4e26\u6301\u7e8c\u76e4\u8e1e\u7f8e\u570b\u5a92\u9ad4\u4e0a\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7248\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u8a31\u591a\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u91cd\u8996\u9019\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e26\u52aa\u529b\u82e6\u5c0b\u89e3\u91cb\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u537b\u5e38\u5e38\u843d\u5165\u8cc7\u6599\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u7a98\u5883\u88e1\u3002\u5927\u6982\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u8def\u5f91\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff08path dependence\uff09\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u524d\u5f8c\u5e7e\u5e74\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u592a\u5927\u5dee\u5225\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4fbf\u683c\u5916\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u6210\u56e0\uff0c\u52e2\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u8c50\u5bcc\u3001\u66f4\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u8de8\u570b\u3001\u8de8\u6642\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u77ad\u89e3\u5728\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u540c\u6216\u662f\u7d66\u5b9a\u985e\u4f3c\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u5230\u5e95\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\" style=\"color: #800000;\"><b>\u25cf \u4e00\u672c\u66a2\u92b7\u66f8\u7684\u5f62\u6210<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u6709\u9451\u65bc\u6b64\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6 Thomas Piketty \u5728 2000 \u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4fbf\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u5408\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u7814\u7a76\u7f8e\u570b\u8cc7\u6599\u7684 Emmanuel Saez \u8207\u82f1\u570b\u7684 Anthony Atkinson\uff09\uff0c\u5617\u8a66\u6316\u6398\u5404\u570b\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6240\u5f97\u8207\u8ca1\u5bcc\u6b77\u53f2\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u8f03\u70ba\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u8861\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u8cc7\u6599\u767c\u5e03\u5728\u5168\u7403\u9802\u5c16\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab \uff08World Top Income Database\uff09\uff08\u8a3b 1\uff09\u3002\u8a72\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u6536\u9304\u8fd1 30 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81fa\u7063\u5728\u5167\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u4e5f\u5c07\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u516c\u5e03\uff08\u8a3b 2\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u9664\u4e86\u6574\u7406\u8cc7\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cPiketty \u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u628a\u4ed6\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u9020\u6210\u8ca7\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u878d\u5165\uff0c\u96c6\u7d50\u6210\u539a\u9054\u8fd1 700 \u9801\u7684\u5c08\u66f8\uff1a\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u8cc7\u672c\u8ad6\u300b\uff08Capital in the Twenty-First Century\uff09\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u9813\u6642\u5f15\u8d77\u98a8\u6f6e\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u773e\u5a92\u9ad4\u8207\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u90fd\u5f15\u8d77\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u66f4\u5275\u4e0b\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u92b7\u552e\u8a18\u9304\uff1a\u5169\u500b\u6708\u5167\u4fbf\u8ce3\u5149 8 \u842c\u518a\uff0c\u53c8\u518d\u52a0\u5370\u4e86 20 \u842c\u672c\uff08\u8a3b 3\uff09\u3002\u8a72\u66f8\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7d93\u7ffb\u8b6f\u7a0b\u8d85\u904e 30 \u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u81f3 2015 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u70ba\u6b62\u5168\u7403\u7e3d\u5171\u5df2\u7d93\u8ce3\u51fa\u7d04 150 \u842c\u518a\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7e41\u9ad4\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u5247\u65bc 2014 \u5e74 11 \u6708\u51fa\u7248\uff0cPiketty \u4e5f\u65bc 11 \u6708 16 \u65e5\u61c9\u9080\u4f86\u81fa\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e86 3 \u5834\u516c\u958b\u6f14\u8b1b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8b93\u4ed6\u5370\u8c61\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5728\u81fa\u5927\u793e\u79d1\u9662\u8207\u9752\u5e74\u8b80\u8005\u90a3\u5834\u5c0d\u8ac7\u3002\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u6536\u770b\u6f14\u8b1b\u8207\u5c0d\u8ac7\u7684\u5f71\u7247\u3002\uff08\u8a3b 4\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u8ce3\u5ea7\u4e26\u975e\u5076\u7136\uff1a\u5728\u5c0d\u7684\u6642\u9593\u7528\u5bb9\u6613\u8b93\u4eba\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5617\u8a66\u89e3\u7b54\u4e00\u500b\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u672a\u66fe\u8b80\u904e\u66f8\u7684\u4eba\u61c9\u8a72\u4e5f\u90fd\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u300c\u8ce3\u9ede\u300d\uff1a<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u8cc7\u672c\u5831\u916c\u7387\uff08r\uff09\u5927\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7387\uff08g\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ca1\u5bcc\u589e\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u9ad8\u65bc\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u5f97\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ca7\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\u60e1\u5316\u3002<\/span>\u770b\u4f3c\u76f4\u63a5\u800c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u537b\u61c9\u8a72\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u66f4\u4ed4\u7d30\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u3002\u5e95\u4e0b\u6211\u5011\u7cbe\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5e7e\u9ede\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5448\u73fe\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>\u25cf<span style=\"color: #800000;\"> \u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u8861\u91cf\u8207\u9577\u6642\u9593\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u767c\u73fe<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e3b\u8981\u904b\u7528\u4e86\u4e09\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u8861\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u500b\u793e\u6703\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u53ea\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u4eba\uff0c\u5373\u52de\u5de5\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u5e33\uff0c\u628a\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u62c6\u89e3\u70ba\u900f\u904e\u52de\u52d5\u8cfa\u4f86\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff08\u5373\u52de\u52d5\u4efd\u984d\uff0clabor share\uff09\u8207\u900f\u904e\u8cc7\u672c\u8cfa\u4f86\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff08\u5373\u8cc7\u672c\u4efd\u984d\uff0ccapital share\uff09\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u5169\u8005\u9593\u7684\u6d88\u9577\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u8861\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4ee5\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u770b\u8cfa\u53d6\u524d 1% \u6216\u524d 10% \u9ad8\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u6216\u8cc7\u672c\u6240\u5f97\uff08income\uff09\u8005\uff0c\u8cfa\u53d6\u7684\u9322\u4f54\u793e\u6703\u6574\u9ad4\u52de\u52d5\u6216\u8cc7\u672c\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7a2e\u8861\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u524d\u4e00\u7a2e\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5f9e\u5b58\u91cf\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f86\u770b\u524d 1% \u6216\u524d 10% \u9ad8\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff08wealth\uff09\u7684\u64c1\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u8a72\u793e\u6703\u591a\u5c11\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u900f\u904e\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u5e7e\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u7528\u54ea\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u5169\u6b21\u5927\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u6700\u8f15\u5fae\uff08\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6230\u706b\u7684\u6467\u6b98\u76f4\u63a5\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u8cc7\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u50f9\u683c\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u8dcc\uff0c\u9593\u63a5\u9020\u6210\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u4f55\u6642\u4f55\u5730\uff0c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u59cb\u7d42\u9ad8\u65bc\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u4eca\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u9060\u4e0d\u5982\u65bc\u4e00\u6230\u524d\u5915\u56b4\u91cd\u3002Piketty \u628a\u9019\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\u8a6e\u91cb\u70ba\u6536\u79df\u8005\uff08rentiers\uff09\u65bc\u4e00\u6230\u5f8c\u74e6\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e16\u8972\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u65bc\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\u5d1b\u8d77\uff08the rise of patrimonial middle class\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7f8e\u570b\u8207\u6b50\u9678\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u6b50\u9678\u5728\u4e00\u6230\u524d\u7684\u6240\u5f97\u8207\u8ca1\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\uff0c\u5747\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u537b\u53cd\u800c\u9ad8\u65bc\u6b50\u6d32\u3002Piketty \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6b50\u7f8e\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a05\u5236\u6240\u81f4\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u9593\u7684\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u7684\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8cc7\u672c\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u7684\u60e1\u5316\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u672c\u66f8\u60f3\u8981\u5f37\u8abf\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u8cc7\u672c\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u7684\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\" style=\"color: #800000;\"><b>\u25cf r &gt; g \u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4fb7\u9650\u6027<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u9762\u5c0d\u5982\u6b64\u7d1b\u96dc\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u96e3\u4ee5\u7528\u55ae\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u81f3\u5c11\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u53ca r &gt; g \u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5982\u7f8e\u570b\u524d\u8ca1\u653f\u90e8\u9577 Lawrance Summers\uff08\u8a3b 5\uff09\u3001\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u6559\u6388 Greg Mankiw\uff08\u8a3b 6\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6 Daron Acemoglu \u8207\u54c8\u4f5b\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u8005 James Robinson\uff08\u8a3b 7\uff09\u6240\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u61c9\u4e0d\u5920\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u8cc7\u672c\u4efd\u984d\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u8207\u6240\u5f97\uff08income\uff09\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e09\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7e31\u4f7f\u8cc7\u672c\u5831\u916c\u518d\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5bcc\u4eba\u7684\u5132\u84c4\u4e0d\u5920\u591a\uff0c\u4fbf\u7121\u6cd5\u628a\u8a72\u5831\u916c\u5b58\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u64f4\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5bcc\u4eba\u64c1\u6709\u8cc7\u672c\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u6295\u8cc7\u4ee5\u8cfa\u53d6\u8cc7\u672c\u5831\u916c\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4e5f\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u5831\u916c\u905e\u6e1b\u9019\u500b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u9435\u5f8b\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 r \u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5927\u65bc g\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5bcc\u4eba\u4e5f\u6703\u9762\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5982\u5fc5\u9808\u5206\u914d\u8ca1\u7522\u7d66\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3001\u5fc5\u9808\u7e73\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u7a05\u7d66\u653f\u5e9c\uff08Mankiw\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bcc\u8005\u96e3\u4ee5\u6046\u5bcc\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6d41\u52d5\uff08Acemoglu &amp; Robinson\uff09\u7b49\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u5be6\u8b49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 r-g \u8207\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff08Acemoglu &amp; Robinson\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Piketty \u5f8c\u4f86\u5728 2015 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5e74\u6703\u4e5f\u4e0a\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba r-g \u662f\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u89e3\u91cb\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">r-g \u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u6700\u9802\u5c16\u5bcc\u4eba\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff08wealth\uff09\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u5ea6\u7684\u60e1\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u4ed6\u8207\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u672a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u88e1\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4e86 r-g \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u589e\u51fd\u6578\uff09\uff08\u8a3b 8\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7bc7\u5e45\u6d69\u5927\u7684\u66f8\u88e1\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u662f\u60f3\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u8ad6\u8abf\u4f86\u8655\u7406 r-g \u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4e5f\u8a31\u8aaa\u660e\u5f97\u4e0d\u5920\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>\u25cf<span style=\"color: #800000;\"> \u4ee5\u6210\u9577\u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u91cb\u8cc7\u672c\u4efd\u984d\u7684\u4e0a\u5347<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u66f8\u7684\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u8207\u4eba\u53e3\u6210\u9577\u8da8\u7de9\u4e0b\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\uff0f\u6240\u5f97\u6bd4\u6703\u3001\u4e5f\u5c07\u6703\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u6279\u8a55\u4ed6\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6298\u820a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8003\u616e\u6298\u820a\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\uff0f\u6240\u5f97\u6bd4\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5982\u4ed6\u6240\u9810\u671f\u822c\u7121\u9650\u5236\u5730\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0a\u5347\uff08\u8a3b 9\uff09\u3002\u5148\u5047\u8a2d\u4ed6\u5c0d\u8cc7\u672c\uff0f\u6240\u5f97\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u9810\u671f\u662f\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u731c\u6e2c\u8cc7\u672c\u8207\u52de\u5de5\u9593\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u5f48\u6027\u5927\u65bc 1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb9\u6613\u66ff\u4ee3\u52de\u5de5\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u96d6\u7136\u8cc7\u672c\uff0f\u6240\u5f97\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u8cc7\u672c\u5831\u916c\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u6703\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u5f97\u8cc7\u672c\u4efd\u984d\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u731c\u6e2c\uff0c\u8207\u591a\u6578\u5be6\u8b49\u4e0a\u5c0d\u66ff\u4ee3\u5f48\u6027\u7684\u4f30\u8a08\u7d50\u679c\u4e26\u4e0d\u543b\u5408\uff08\u8a3b 7\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u5c0d\u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u4f86\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u8cc7\u672c\u8ad6\u65cb\u98a8\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u3002\u66f8\u7c4d\u752b\u51fa\u7248\u6642\uff0c\u570b\u5916\u8a31\u591a\u8457\u540d\u5c08\u6b04\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90fd\u8feb\u4e0d\u53ca\u5f85\u7684\u52a0\u4ee5\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u4f46\u8a55\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\u90fd\u4e0d\u812b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9806\u5e8f\uff1a\u5148\u7c21\u4ecb\u8ad6\u9ede\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u64da\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51fa\u300c\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7686\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u7fa9\u7684\u5bcc\u4eba\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8cc7\u672c\u8207\u4e0d\u516c\u7684\u7a05\u5236\u6240\u9020\u6210\u300d\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u518d\u4ee5\u300c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u8981\u4e0d\u5c31\u53ea\u6703\u57cb\u9996\u5728\u6578\u5b78\u7b26\u865f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7518\u6210\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5e6b\u5147\u300d\u9019\u4e00\u8a18\u56de\u99ac\u69cd\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d50\u5c3e\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u8981\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u754c\u5728\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u96d6\u4e26\u672a\u6709\u592a\u5927\u7684\u300c\u516c\u958b\u53cd\u61c9\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u5be6\u79c1\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u610f\u898b\u4ea4\u63db\uff0c\u78ba\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u9032\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u800c\u7d93\u904e\u4eca\u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6703\u5e74\u6703\u7684\u90a3\u5834\u7531 David Weil\u3001Alan Auerbach\u3001Greg Mankiw\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca Piketty \u5171\u540c\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6703\uff08\u5373\u5c07\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u4eca\u5e74 5 \u6708\u865f\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u8a55\u8ad6\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u672c\u671f Journal of Economic Perspective\uff08Winter 2015\uff09\u7684\u8ad6\u58c7\u6536\u9304\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u5305\u62ec\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u3001\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3001\u66f8\u4e2d\u6210\u9577\u6a21\u578b\u7d50\u8ad6\uff08model implication\uff09\u8207\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u5747\u539f\u56e0\uff08alternative hypotheses\uff09\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u79df\u7a05\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u652f\u6301\u4e26\u9054\u5230\u91cd\u5206\u914d\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u7b49\u5404\u500b\u9762\u5411\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u77ad\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b78\u8005\u751f\u7522\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8ca1\u8ca8\u3002\u900f\u904e\u5e02\u5834\u7af6\u722d\u5c07\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e2d\u63a8\u8ad6\u56b4\u8b39\uff0c\u8207\u5be6\u8b49\u8cc7\u6599\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7559\u4e0b\uff0c\u6dd8\u6c70\u6389\u7121\u6cd5\u901a\u904e\u8003\u9a57\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u754c\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6e96\u5247\u3002It is just forming a coherent argument \uff08or comments\uff09 needs time\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u904e\u53bb\u4e8c\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u78ba\u592a\u904e\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/span>Piketty \u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u53c8\u8b93\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u53c8\u518d\u6b21\u91cd\u8996\u9019\u500b\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93\u666e\u7f85\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7522\u751f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u8ca2\u737b\u53ef\u8b02\u4e0d\u5c0f\u3002\u6216\u8a31 David Weil \u6559\u6388\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7d50\u5c3e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Even if his analysis of wealth inequality over the long period is incomplete, it nonetheless represents an enormously valuable contribution to the state of our knowledge.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u3010\u5099\u8a3b\u3011<br \/>\n<\/span>1. Alvaredo, Facundo, Anthony B. Atkinson, Thomas Piketty, and Emmanuel Saez. 2015. <a href=\"\/\/topincomes.parisschoolofeconomics.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s2\">The World Top Incomes Database<\/span><\/a>.<br \/>\n2. \u5f35\u7fd4\u4e00\u8207\u9673\u4e00\u59cd\u30022015\u3002\u3008<a href=\"\/\/www.cw.com.tw\/article\/article.action?id=5064092\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s2\">1% \u62ff\u8d70 11%\uff1a \u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u771f\u76f8<\/span><\/a>\u3009\u3002\u300a\u5929\u4e0b\u96dc\u8a8c\u300b\u3002<br \/>\nC. Y. Cyrus Chu, Sheng-Cheng Hu, Kamhon Kan, P. C. Roger Cheng, Teyu Chou, Ming-Jen Lin, Pei-Ju Liao, and Ruoh-Rong Yu. 2014. \u201cTop Income Shares in Taiwan, 1997-2013.\u201dWTID working paper.<br \/>\n3. Tracy, Marc. 2014. \u201c<a href=\"\/\/www.newrepublic.com\/article\/117498\/pikettys-capital-sold-out-harvard-press-scrambling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s4\">Piketty&#8217;s Capital&#8217;\uff1a A Hit That Was, Wasn&#8217;t, Then Was Again.<\/span><\/a>\u201d The New Republic.<br \/>\n4.\u00a0<span class=\"s4\"><a href=\"\/\/conference.udn.com\/piketty\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2014 \u570b\u969b\u540d\u4eba\u8ad6\u58c7 &#8211; \u76ae\u51f1\u63d0\u6559\u6388\u5c08\u984c\u6f14\u8b1b\u66a8\u7126\u9ede\u8ad6\u58c7<br \/>\n<\/a><\/span>5. Summers, Lawrence H. 2014. \u201c<a href=\"\/\/www.democracyjournal.org\/33\/the-inequality-puzzle.php?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s2\">The Inequality Puzzle.<\/span><\/a>\u201d Democracy\uff1a A Journal of Ideas.<br \/>\n6. Mankiw, N. Gregory. 2014. \u201cYes, r &gt; g. So What?\u201d American Economic Review\uff1a Papers and Proceedings, Forthcoming.<br \/>\n7. Acemoglu, Daron, and James A. Robinson. 2015. \u201cThe Rise and Decline of General Laws of Capitalism.\u201d Journal of Economic Perspectives, 29(1): 3-28.<br \/>\n8. Piketty, Thomas. 2014. \u201cAbout Capital in the 21st Century.\u201d American Economic Review\uff1a Papers and Proceedings, Forthcoming.<br \/>\n9. Krusell, Per, and Anthony A. Smith, Jr. 2014. \u201cIs Piketty\u2019s \u2018Second Law of Capitalism\u2019 Fundamental?\u201d Revise and Resubmit to Journal of Political Economy.<br \/>\n\uff08\u672c\u6587\u540c\u6b65\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u53f0\u5927\u6821\u53cb\u96d9\u6708\u520a 2015 \u5e74\u7b2c 98 \u671f\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u7a0d\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f35\u8015\u9f4a\u70ba\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u78a9\u58eb\u73ed\u5b78\u751f\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"p1\">\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u6797\u660e\u4ec1\u3001\u5f35\u8015\u9f4a\u6388\u6b0a\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"\/\/opinion.cw.com.tw\/blog\/profile\/264\/article\/2503\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6797\u660e\u4ec1\u3001\u5f35\u8015\u9f4a\uff1a\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u5927\u54c9\u554f\u2500\u2500\u95dc\u65bc\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u8cc7\u672c\u8ad6\u300b<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u3010\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d6\u5f97\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u8a55\u8ad6\uff20\u5929\u4e0b\u300d\u6388\u6b0a\u520a\u767b\u3011\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u5141\u8a31\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f49\u8f09<\/span>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><center><a id=\"btnSupport\" href=\"#\"><img id=\"divSupport\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/center><br \/>\n<script src=\"\/support\/checkLink.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>photo credit\uff1a flickr@Tax Credits, CC BY 2.0 \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6797\u660e\u4ec1\u3001\u5f35\u8015\u9f4a \u81ea 1980 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u89c0\u5bdf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u570b[&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[525],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16286"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16286"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16286\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}