{"id":14776,"date":"2015-09-24T11:56:24","date_gmt":"2015-09-24T03:56:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2015\/09\/24\/refugees-and-philosophy\/"},"modified":"2015-09-24T11:56:24","modified_gmt":"2015-09-24T03:56:24","slug":"refugees-and-philosophy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2015\/09\/24\/refugees-and-philosophy\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5e6b\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u5e6b\uff1f\u96e3\u6c11\u63f4\u52a9\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u722d\u8b70"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/9377515138_892d7834af_z.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"  wp-image-44838 aligncenter\" src=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/9377515138_892d7834af_z-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"9377515138_892d7834af_z\" width=\"582\" height=\"388\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u6587\uff0f<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a class=\"username\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\" \u6aa2\u8996\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/users\/tky\">tky<\/a><\/span>\u7de8\u8b6f<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u8239\u5f9e\u5929\u800c\u964d\uff0c\u505c\u5728\u4f60\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0a\u7a7a\u3002\u8239\u4e0a\u8f09\u6eff\u4e86\u5916\u89c0\u8207\u5730\u7403\u4eba\u5dee\u7570\u751a\u5927\u3001\u4f46\u986f\u7136\u4e9f\u9808\u63f4\u52a9\u7684\u5916\u661f\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u540c\u610f\u653f\u5e9c\u4f7f\u7528\u793e\u6703\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u53bb\u62ef\u6551\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u55ce\uff1f\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u540c\u610f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dca\u6025\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u90a3\u842c\u4e00\u9019\u7fa4\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u5305\u88b1\u6b3e\u6b3e\u5c31\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7a7a\u5730\u4e0a\u4f4f\u4e0b\u4f86\u3001\u8ddf\u4f60\u7576\u9130\u5c45\u4e86\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<dl id=\"attachment_44828\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 319px;\">\n<dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-44828\" src=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/District_nine_ver2-203x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"309\" height=\"456\" \/><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd\">\u300a\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7981\u5340\u300b\u96fb\u5f71\u6d77\u5831\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:District_nine_ver2.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/span>\uff09<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>\u8acb\u5148\u60f3\u4e00\u60f3\u4f60\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u548c\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u770b\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u8b1b\u7684\u5047\u60f3\u5834\u666f\u662f\u79d1\u5e7b\u96fb\u5f71\u300a\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7981\u5340\u300b\u7684\u5287\u60c5\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u5287\u60c5\u76ee\u524d<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/02\/shocking-image-of-drowned-syrian-boy-shows-tragic-plight-of-refugees\">\u6b63\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u771f\u5be6\u4e0a\u6f14\u8457<\/a><\/span>\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u4eba\u9053\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u5011\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u81ea\u662f\u5206\u6b67\u6416\u64fa\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9023\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u90fd\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u63d0\u51fa\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7dda\u4e0a\u5a92\u9ad4\u300a\u6c34\u6676\u300b(<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/qz.com\/\">Quartz<\/a><\/span>) \u65e5\u524d\u520a\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u9762\u5c0d\u96e3\u6c11\u8b70\u984c\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u9019\u500b\u61c9\u7528\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\u5728\u3008\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u63f4\u52a9\u96e3\u6c11\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7a0b\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u751a\u81f3\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u61c9\u8a72\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9\uff1f\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u5171\u8b58\u3009(<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/qz.com\/496713\/even-philosophers-cant-agree-on-how-we-should-help-refugees-or-whether-we-should\/\">Philosophers can&#8217;t agree on how much we should help refugees\u2014or even whether we should<\/a>) \u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c<a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/qz.com\/author\/ogoldhillqz\/\">Olivia Goldhill<\/a><\/span>\u8209\u51fa\u4e86\u5e7e\u4f4d\u77e5\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u5728\u300c\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u61c9\u96e3\u6c11\u554f\u984c\u300d\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u4e0a\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9053\u5fb7\u7acb\u5834\u8207\u8ad6\u64da\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u7a2e\u7acb\u5834\uff1a\u4e0d\u5e6b\u5fd9\u3001\u66ab\u6642\u5e6b\u5fd9\u3001\u5e6b\u5230\u793e\u6703\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\u9650\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e6b\u5230\u5e95\u3002<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/report\/79316#footnote1_9hpucyg\">1<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5225\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u9032\u4f86 \/ \u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<dl id=\"attachment_44830\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 393px;\">\n<dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><a href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/St\u00f6wer_Titanic.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-44830 \" src=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/St\u00f6wer_Titanic-300x205.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"383\" height=\"262\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd\">\u6551\u751f\u8239\u8ad6\u8b49\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5c31\u50cf\u6551\u751f\u8239\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5bb9\u7d0d\u6709\u9650\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u4e0a\u8239\u3002\u8239\u4e0a\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u5c0d\u65bc\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u8239\u6c89\u6c92\u7684\u984d\u5916\u96e3\u6c11\u6c92\u6709\u63f4\u52a9\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:St%C3%B6wer_Titanic.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/span>\uff09<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>\u9019\u662f\u5df2\u6545\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garrett_Hardin\">Garrett Hardin<\/a><\/span>\u6700\u77e5\u540d\u4e5f\u6700\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3002Hardin \u7684\u3008<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/web.ntpu.edu.tw\/~language\/course\/research\/lifeboat.pdf\">\u6551\u751f\u8239\u502b\u7406\u5b78<\/a><\/span>\u3009\u4e00\u6587\u8ad6\u8b49\u8aaa\uff0c\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6551\u751f\u8239\uff0c\u6709\u8457\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8b93\u592a\u591a\u984d\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u4e0a\u8239\uff0c\u8239\u5c31\u6703\u6c89\u6389\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e3b\u5f35\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u904e\u591a\u4eba\u53e3\u8017\u76e1\u5730\u7403\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u53bb\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u504f\u597d\u8f38\u51fa\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8ca7\u56f0\u570b\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9032\u968e\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u3008\u6551\u751f\u8239\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u3009(<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/web.ntpu.edu.tw\/~language\/course\/research\/lifeboat.pdf\">Lifeboat ethics<\/a><\/span>)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u66ab\u6642\u6536\u5bb9\u96e3\u6c11<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.nuffield.ox.ac.uk\/People\/sites\/Miller\/SitePages\/Biography.aspx\">David Miller<\/a><\/span>\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8a8d\u540c\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5fc5\u63a5\u53d7\u6240\u6709\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5404\u570b\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u7fa9\u52d9\u53bb\u6536\u5bb9\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u96e3\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5404\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u96e3\u6c11\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4eba\u9053\u5371\u6a5f\u6e1b\u7de9\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5c07\u96e3\u6c11\u8b74\u56de\u3002Miller \u4e5f\u8aaa\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9\u7269\u8cc7\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u8655\u7406\u5c0e\u81f4\u96e3\u6c11\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u80fd\u6253\u6d88\u96e3\u6c11\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u9577\u9014\u9077\u5f99\u7684\u5ff5\u982d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9032\u968e\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u3008\u79fb\u6c11\uff1a\u9650\u5b9a\u60c5\u6cc1\u3009\uff08<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www3.nd.edu\/~dimmerma\/teaching\/20402-03\/locked%20PDFs\/Miller05_ImmigrationTheCaseForLimits.pdf\">Immigration: The case for limits<\/a><\/span>\uff09<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u8b1b\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u300c\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u300d\u5206\u64d4\u96e3\u6c11\u914d\u984d<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u6cd5\u5b78\u6559\u6388 \/ \u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.law.ox.ac.uk\/profile\/leslie.green\">Leslie Green<\/a><\/span>\u66fe\u5beb\u904e\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u8b74\u8cac\u90a3\u4e9b\u62b1\u6028\u5404\u570b\u6c92\u6709\u300c\u516c\u5e73\u300d\u5206\u914d\u96e3\u6c11\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u3002\uff08\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u6307\u63a7\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u4e2d\u6771\u570b\u5bb6\u6c92\u6709\u8ca0\u64d4\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u300c\u516c\u5e73\u300d\u914d\u984d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u50cf<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-34136823\">\u5308\u7259\u5229\u8aaa\u90a3\u662f\u5fb7\u570b\u7684\u554f\u984c<\/a><\/span>\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>Green \u89e3\u91cb\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u9019\u4e9b\u62b1\u6028\u7684\u4eba\u628a\u8ca0\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\uff08\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff09\u8cac\u4efb\u7576\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7169\u4eba\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u6839\u64da\u67d0\u7a2e\u6bd4\u8f03\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u8ca0\u64d4\u5206\u914d\u51fa\u53bb\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u624d\u6703\u60f3\u627f\u64d4\u9019\u4e9b\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u66f4\u95dc\u5fc3\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ca0\u64d4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d66\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u8981\u9003\u96e2\u6bc0\u6ec5\u548c\u8feb\u5bb3\u7684\u96e3\u6c11\u5011\u65bd\u52a0\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u7d55\u5c0d\u8ca0\u64d4\u3002<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8de8\u570b\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u80fd\u5c0d\u96e3\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6551\u63f4\u96e3\u6c11\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9032\u968e\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u3008\u96e3\u6c11\u5371\u6a5f\u7121\u95dc\u4e4e\u516c\u5e73\u3009 <a href=\"\/\/ljmgreen.com\/2015\/09\/05\/the-refugee-crisis-is-not-about-fairness\/\">(<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">The refugee crisis is not about fairness<\/span><\/a>)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5118\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u6536\u5bb9\u96e3\u6c11\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u793e\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u5d29\u6f70\u70ba\u6b62<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<dl id=\"attachment_44829\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 367px;\">\n<dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><a href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/hand-792920_640.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-44829 \" src=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/hand-792920_640-300x207.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"357\" height=\"246\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd\">\u82e5\u6551\u4eba\u5982\u6551\u6eba\uff0c\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u5728\u9060\u65b9\u6216\u8fd1\u5728\u773c\u524d\uff0c\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6551\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7fa9\u52d9\u55ce\uff1f\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/hand-sea-water-wave-clouds-help-792920\/\">pixabay<\/a><\/span>\uff09<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>\u7576\u4eca\u4e16\u4e0a\u6700\u6709\u540d\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u4eba\u656c\u91cd\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peter_Singer\">Peter Singer<\/a><\/span>\u7d66\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u800c\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u8aaa<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/report\/79316#footnote2_h0bs2ph\">2<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u5949\u737b\u51fa\u4e00\u5927\u7b46\u6536\u5165\u7d66\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u696d\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u3002\uff08\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u771f\u662f\u500b\u58de\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u662f\u5427\uff01\uff09<\/p>\n<p>Singer \u4e3b\u5f35\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u9059\u9060\u7684\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u548c\u89aa\u8fd1\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u8457\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7fa9\u52d9<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/report\/79316#footnote3_jdqi0qb\">3<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u6536\u5bb9\u96e3\u6c11\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8ca1\u653f\u652f\u51fa\u958b\u59cb\u8d85\u904e\u70ba\u96e3\u6c11\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u597d\u8655\u3002\u4ed6\u5efa\u8b70\u8981\u628a\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u914d\u984d\u6bcf\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u500d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9019\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7121\u6cd5\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u79fb\u6c11\u70ba\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u7684\u96e3\u6c11\u5371\u6a5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u8981\u6c42\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u8cc7\u52a9\u8f03\u4e0d\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u8208\u5efa\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u4eba\u5011\u5bb9\u6613\u6392\u5916\u7684\u5929\u6027\u3002\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u3008\u5be6\u8e10\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u3009<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/emilkirkegaard.dk\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/Peter-Singer-Practical-Ethics-2nd-edition.pdf\">Practical ethics<\/a><\/span>\u8207\u3008\u907f\u514d\u96e3\u6c11\u5371\u6a5f\u3009<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.project-syndicate.org\/commentary\/escaping-europe-refugee-crisis-by-peter-singer-2015-09\">Escaping the refugee crisis<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u958b\u653e\u6240\u6709\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u908a\u5883<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<dl id=\"attachment_44827\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 304px;\">\n<dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><a href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/9780199731725.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-44827 \" src=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/9780199731725-279x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"316\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd\">Debating the Ethics of Immigration : Is There a Right to Exclude? \u79fb\u6c11\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u601d\u8faf\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u6709\u6b0a\u5229\u6392\u5916\u55ce\uff1f\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"\/\/www.bookdepository.com\/book\/9780199731725\/?a_aid=philomedium\">The book depository<\/a>\uff09<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>\u958b\u653e\u908a\u5883\u7406\u8ad6 (open-border theory) \u8ad6\u8b49\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u7531\u53ef\u4ee5\u95dc\u9589\u570b\u754c\u3002\u591a\u502b\u591a\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u00a0<a href=\"\/\/politics.utoronto.ca\/faculty\/profile\/22\/\">J<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">oseph Carens<\/span><\/a>\u5beb\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c01\u5efa\u7279\u6b0a\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fd\u5920\u5927\u5e45\u4fc3\u9032\u500b\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u7e7c\u627f\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u9577\u5b50\u7e7c\u627f\u6b0a\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u6108\u4ed4\u7d30\u53bb\u6aa2\u8996\u5b83\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u9650\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u5c31\u8d8a\u96e3\u88ab\u8b49\u7acb\u3002<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u897f\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u5927\u5b78\u5c08\u653b\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/people.uwe.ac.uk\/Pages\/person.aspx?accountname=campusp2-cole\">Phil Cole<\/a><\/span>\u6559\u6388\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u300a\u6c34\u6676\u300b\u63a1\u8a2a\u6642\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u4eba\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u64c1\u6709\u53bb\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4ed6\u5011\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u6216\u60f3\u8981\u53bb\u4e4b\u8655\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u570b\u754c\u6703\u63a8\u5347\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0d\u8f03\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u9020\u6210\u4ec0\u9ebc\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u640d\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u8655\u65bc\u96aa\u5883\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u60f3\u8981\u5f85\u5728\u539f\u8655\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6703\u60f3\u8aaa\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u771f\u7684\u958b\u653e\u908a\u5883\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u6bc0\u6ec5\u6027\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff1b\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u6703\u767c\u751f\u9019\u7a2e\u4e8b\u3002<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u9032\u968e\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u3008\u5916\u4eba\u8207\u570b\u4eba\uff1a\u958b\u653e\u908a\u5883\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3009(\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1407506?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\">Aliens and citizens: The case for open borders<\/a><\/span>)<\/p>\n<p>\u53c3\u8003\u66f8\uff1a<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/biblio\/79318\">Debating the Ethics of Immigration : Is There a Right to Exclude?<\/a>,\u00a0<a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/biblio?f%5bauthor%5d=222\">Wellman, Christopher Heath<\/a><\/span>, and\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/biblio?f%5bauthor%5d=223\">Cole Phillip<\/a><\/span>, (2011)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7d50\u8a9e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u770b\u904e\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u56de\u5230\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u300a\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7981\u5340\u300b\u5834\u666f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u8239\u5f9e\u5929\u800c\u964d\uff0c\u505c\u5728\u4f60\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0a\u7a7a\u3002\u8239\u4e0a\u8f09\u6eff\u4e86\u5916\u89c0\u8207\u5730\u7403\u4eba\u5dee\u7570\u751a\u5927\u3001\u4f46\u986f\u7136\u4e9f\u9808\u63f4\u52a9\u7684\u5916\u661f\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u540c\u610f\u653f\u5e9c\u4f7f\u7528\u793e\u6703\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u53bb\u62ef\u6551\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u55ce\uff1f\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u540c\u610f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dca\u6025\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u90a3\u842c\u4e00\u9019\u7fa4\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u5305\u88b1\u6b3e\u6b3e\u5c31\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7a7a\u5730\u4e0a\u4f4f\u4e0b\u4f86\u3001\u8ddf\u4f60\u7576\u9130\u5c45\u4e86\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8207\u6211\u5011\u6709\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u819a\u8272\u8207\u9577\u76f8\u7684\u96e3\u6c11\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u8ddf\u5916\u661f\u4eba (aliens) \u6c92\u5169\u6a23\u3002\u8981\u6536\u5bb9\u3001\u63f4\u52a9\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8003\u616e\u66ab\u6642\u6216\u9577\u671f\u8207\u300c\u4ed6\u5011\u300d\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u6709\u9650\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u662f\u6536\u5bb9\u8207\u6551\u63f4\u6d41\u6d6a\u52d5\u7269\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u96e3\u6c11\u5371\u6a5f\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u74b0\u5883\u627f\u8f09\u529b\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u3001\u6587\u5316\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u6392\u5916\u5929\u6027\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u52a9\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8cac\u4efb\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5283\u5206\u8207\u5f7c\u6b64\u5408\u4f5c\u7b49\u7b49\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u8b70\u984c<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/report\/79316#footnote4_159kk79\">4<\/a><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7acb\u5834\u8207\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u4f60\u6211\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u601d\uff1aHardin \u7684\u300c\u6551\u751f\u8239\u8ad6\u8b49\u300d\u6709\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u89ba\u5f97\u53cd\u611f\uff1b\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1fSinger \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u6709\u9ede\u7570\u60f3\u5929\u958b\uff1b\u54ea\u88e1\u4e0d\u5c0d\u52c1\uff1fGreen \u8aaa\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u600e\u6a23\uff0c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u6551\u63f4\u96e3\u6c11\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5c31\u8a72\u51fa\u624b\u76f8\u6551\uff1b\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u8207\u7406\u7531\u9084\u662f\u8ddf\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u6a23\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f5c\u8005\u6709\u7279\u5225\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7acb\u5834\u90fd\u662f\u7d93\u904e\u7c21\u5316\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u300c\u5361\u901a\u7248\u300d\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u8a73\u60c5\u8acb\u898b\u539f\u6587\u6240\u9644\u7684\u300c\u9032\u968e\u95b1\u8b80\u300d\u9023\u7d50\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u898b The Drowning Child and the Expanding Circle (link is external)<\/li>\n<li>\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u9ede\u50cf\u662f\u58a8\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ce\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u8ab0\u8ddf\u8a18\u8005\u8aaa\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u6bd4\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\uff01<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\uff08\u672c\u6587\u70ba<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/www.philomedium.com\/report\/79316\">\u54f2\u5b78\u65b0\u5a92\u9ad4<\/a><\/span>\u6388\u6b0a\u520a\u8f09\uff0c\u7c89\u7d72\u5c08\u9801\uff1a<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/philosophymedium?ref=ts&amp;fref=ts\">\u54f2\u5b78\u65b0\u5a92\u9ad4 Philosophy Medium<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u975e\u7d93\u5141\u8a31\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f49\u8f09\uff1b\u9996\u5716\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a class=\"owner-name truncate\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\" \u79fb\u81f3 Takver \u7684\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u7247\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/takver\/9377515138\/in\/photolist-fhEdxu-4chkWQ-p6pF3m-6qwoMo-fhEe1y-boBBNj-2cBfB6-a1Xotf-fhpYGe-fhEgQu-EVSPs-EVNmc-yrLNvC-fDvBBk-Yr4RU-7uKmJf-2cFQKU-2cBkxR-yWSHa-ePgHZw-ddVJza-ddVFPV-a1UwqH-fhEfSQ-fhEhbJ-fhpSxr-2cFMx1-ddVF64-9vccQ4-9vfdpj-agx4w-xV7imA-9vfe9A-yhWZMS-8BMPq8-fhEbc3-fhEev5-Yrozd-a1UwtZ-9uvSDZ-fhq23g-9uyTSw-yYvBN-4cdmqn-j6h4K4-2cBiMi-fkjPme-bKhgoZ-n59RsJ-EVSmy\" data-track=\"attributionNameClick\" data-rapid_p=\"33\">Takver<\/a><\/span>,CC licensed\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/2015\/09\/15\/why-germany-just-closed-its-borders-to-refugees\/\">\u5fb7\u570b\u70ba\u4f55\u7a81\u7136\u5c0d\u96e3\u6c11\u95dc\u4e0a\u9580\uff1f<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/2015\/09\/09\/whats-in-my-bag-what-refugees-bring-when-they-run-for-their-lives\/\">\u6558\u5229\u4e9e\u96e3\u6c11\u80cc\u96e2\u5bb6\u9109\u6642\u80cc\u5305\u88e1\u9762\u88dd\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/2015\/09\/04\/syria-refugees-are-fleeing-to-europe-seeking-asylum\/\">BBC \u4e92\u52d5\u6e2c\u9a57\u300b\u9ad4\u9a57\u6558\u5229\u4e9e\u96e3\u6c11\u7684\u8271\u96e3\u6289\u64c7\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u662f\u751f\u6b7b\u95dc\u982d<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\uff0ftky\u7de8\u8b6f \u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u8239\u5f9e\u5929\u800c\u964d\uff0c\u505c\u5728\u4f60\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0a\u7a7a\u3002\u8239\u4e0a\u8f09\u6eff\u4e86\u5916\u89c0\u8207\u5730\u7403\u4eba\u5dee\u7570\u751a\u5927\u3001\u4f46\u986f\u7136\u4e9f\u9808\u63f4\u52a9\u7684\u5916\u661f\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u540c\u610f\u653f\u5e9c\u4f7f\u7528\u793e\u6703\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u53bb\u62ef\u6551\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u55ce\uff1f\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u540c\u610f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dca[&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":37404,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[577],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14776"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14776"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14776\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14776"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14776"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14776"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}