{"id":14172,"date":"2016-02-17T12:42:38","date_gmt":"2016-02-17T04:42:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2016\/02\/17\/how-soil-liquefaction-happened\/"},"modified":"2016-02-17T12:42:38","modified_gmt":"2016-02-17T04:42:38","slug":"how-soil-liquefaction-happened","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2016\/02\/17\/how-soil-liquefaction-happened\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8d85\u5c08\u696d\uff01\u8b93\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u5730\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u6559\u4f60\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"\/\/pgw.udn.com.tw\/gw\/photo.php?u=\/\/uc.udn.com.tw\/photo\/2016\/02\/16\/2\/1831430.jpg&amp;sl=W&amp;fw=750\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6587 \/<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> <a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ptt.cc\/bbs\/Gossiping\/M.1455597075.A.C93.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bizarre173<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u9b6f\u662f\u5730\u8cea\u7cfb\u548c\u571f\u6728\u7cfb\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u5730\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ecb\u7d39\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u539f\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5730\u5e95\u4e0b\u571f\u58e4\u6240\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u7d14\u7531\u571f\u58e4\u627f\u64d4\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u6c34\u58d3\u4f86\u627f\u64d4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u571f\u58e4\u7e3d\u61c9\u529b = \u5b54\u9699\u6c34\u58d3\u529b + \u6709\u6548\u61c9\u529b<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u5b54\u9699\u6c34\u58d3\u529b\u8ddf\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u4f4d\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u6548\u61c9\u529b\u5247\u662f\u571f\u58e4\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u9700\u8981\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\u00a0\u7576\u7e3d\u58d3\u529b\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b \u5982\u679c\u5b54\u9699\u6c34\u58d3\u529b&#8221; <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u7a81\u7136\u589e\u52a0<\/span>&#8221; \u5247\u6703\u7531\u571f\u58e4\u6709\u6548\u61c9\u529b\u964d\u4f4e<\/div>\n<blockquote><p>\u571f\u58e4\u7e3d\u61c9\u529b = \u5b54\u9699\u6c34\u58d3\u529b\u2191+ \u6709\u6548\u61c9\u529b\u2193<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u5982\u679c\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6975\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167 (\u6578\u5206\u9418\u5167)\uff0c\u5247\u571f\u58e4\u7684\u6709\u6548\u61c9\u529b\u7121\u6cd5\u53cd\u61c9\u904e\u4f86\u800c\u55aa\u5931\u627f\u8f09\u529b\u548c\u526a\u529b\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u627f\u8f09\u5730\u8868\u4e0a\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u6216\u662f\u7d50\u69cb\u7269\u800c\u9020\u6210\u96fb\u8996\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u7684\u707d\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8a98\u767c\u539f\u56e0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u8981\u8b93\u5b54\u9699\u6c34\u58d3\u529b&#8221; \u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u589e\u52a0&#8221; \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u9805\uff0c\u800c\u7b26\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b26\u5408\u689d\u4ef6\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316<\/p>\n<p>1. \u98fd\u548c\u7684\u571f\u58e4<br \/>\n\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u4f4d\u4ee5\u4e0b<\/span>\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u6703\u5f15\u767c\u6db2\u5316\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u6750\u8cea<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u571f\u58e4\u53d7\u5230\u64fe\u52d5\u6642\u6703<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u6536\u7e2e<\/span> (contractive soil)\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u628a\u5b54\u9699\u4e2d\u7684\u6c34<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u64e0\u58d3<\/span>\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u6703\u9020\u6210<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u5b54\u9699\u6c34\u58d3\u7a81\u7136\u589e\u52a0<\/span>\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u571f\u58e4\u5305\u62ec\u7802 (sand) \u7c89 (silt) \u9084\u6709\u4f4e\u5851\u6027\u7684\u6ce5 (low plastic clay)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53ea\u6709\u7802\u8cea\u571f\u624d\u6703\u6db2\u5316\uff01\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u53ea\u571f\u58e4\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u53c3\u6578\u4f8b\u5982\u76f8\u5c0d\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u8f09\u91cd\u53f2\u3001\u5340\u57df\u5730\u9707\u53f2\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. \u5916\u5728\u64fe\u52d5<br \/>\n\u53ea\u8981\u662f<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u5feb\u901f\u8b8a\u52d5\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u4f4d\u9762<\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8a98\u767c\u6db2\u5316\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5730\u9707\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u898f\u5f8b\u7684\u9707\u52d5 (\u4f8b\u5982\u6253\u6a01) \u6216\u662f\u6c34\u9762\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5 (\u4f8b\u5982\u6cbf\u6d77\u6f32\u9000\u6f6e) \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a98\u767c\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u3002\u800c\u73fe\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u8a0e\u8ad6\u662f\u5730\u9707\u9020\u6210\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5de5\u7a0b\u8a55\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6db2\u5316\u7684\u539f\u7406\u5728 1918 \u5e74\u5c31\u7531 Hazen \u6839\u64da\u52a0\u5dde Calaveras \u6c34\u58e9\u7684\u7834\u58de\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728 1964 \u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u65b0\u6f5f\u5730\u9707\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u963f\u62c9\u65af\u52a0\u5730\u9707\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7834\u58de\u624d\u53d7\u5230\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u5927\u5730\u5730\u9707\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e4b\u7236 Harry B. Seed \u5728 1979 \u5e74\u5c0d\u65bc\u5730\u9707\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u91cf\u5316\u5206\u6790\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u521d\u6b65\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5efa\u7acb<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u5b89\u5168\u4fc2\u6578 =CSR \/ CRR<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u5168\u4fc2\u6578&gt;1 \u5c31\u662f\u5b89\u5168\uff0c &lt;1 \u5c31\u662f\u6703\u6db2\u5316<\/p>\n<p>CSR=cyclic stress ratio \u571f\u58e4\u53d7\u5230\u5730\u9707\u6642\u526a\u529b\u548c\u6709\u6548\u61c9\u529b\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531 PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration) \u548c\u5730\u9707\u898f\u6a21 (Mw) \u6c7a\u5b9a\uff1bCRR=cyclic resistance ratio \u571f\u58e4\u5c0d\u6297\u5730\u9707\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u548c\u6709\u6548\u61c9\u529b\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u73fe\u5730\u8a66\u9a57\u3001\u5ba4\u5167\u5be6\u9a57\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f8c\u7e8c\u5b78\u8005\u6839\u64da\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5927\u5730\u9707 (\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u96c6\u5730\u9707) \u6536\u96c6\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6821\u6b63 CRR \u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u73fe\u5730\u8a66\u9a57\u8a55\u4f30\u662f\u6700\u7c21\u6613\u4e5f\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u5229\u7528\u6a19\u6e96\u8cab\u5165\u8a66\u9a57 (SPT-N) \u548c\u5713\u9310\u8cab\u5165\u8a66\u9a57 (CPT) \u6216\u526a\u529b\u6ce2\u901f (shear wave velocity)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u7531\u65bc\u662f\u7d93\u9a57\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u800c\u975e\u89e3\u6790\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u7248\u672c\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u696d\u754c\u5e38\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u6587\u737b\u6709\uff1aL. Youd et al 2001 \u3001 R. Seed (\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230 H. B. Seed \u5152\u5b50) et al 2003 \u3001Iddriss &amp; Boulanger 2008\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5229\u7528\u73fe\u5730\u8a66\u9a57\u8cc7\u6599 (\u947d\u4e95) \u5148\u505a\u8a55\u4f30\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u5c64\u7684\u6db2\u5316\u5b89\u5168\u4fc2\u6578 &lt;1 \u4f86\u5224\u65b7\u73fe\u5730\u6db2\u5316\u6f5b\u80fd\uff0c\u518d\u4f86\u8a55\u4f30\u5730\u4e0a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u6216\u7d50\u69cb\u7269\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u6700\u8fd1\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u6f5b\u52e2\u5716\u53ea\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u8a55\u4f30<\/span>\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5730\u8cea\u5716\u5283\u5b9a \u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u5b63\u6c89\u7a4d\u7269\u548c\u7802\u8cea\u571f\u58e4\u548c\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u4f4d\u505a\u521d\u6b65\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u800c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5de5\u7a0b\u8a55\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u5247\u662f\u8f03\u70ba\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u3002\u80fd\u5920\u5224\u5b9a\u4e00\u68df\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u5730\u9707\u898f\u6a21\u4e4b \u4e0b\u767c\u751f\u6db2\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u80fd\u5920\u53cd\u6620\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u7802\u8cea\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u6db2\u5316\u6f5b\u80fd\u7684\u571f\u8cea (\u7c89\u8cea\u548c\u4f4e\u5851\u6027\u9ecf\u571f)\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a 921 \u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6db2\u5316\u6848\u4f8b\u90fd\u88ab\u5beb\u9032\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u6216\u624b\u518a\u5167\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u898f\u7bc4\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b ASCE 7-10 (\u5efa\u7bc9\u7528\u7684\u898f\u7bc4) \u898f\u5b9a\u8981\u5c0d\u5730\u8868\u4e0b 50 \u82f1\u544e (15m) \u7684\u571f\u58e4\u4f5c\u6db2\u5316\u5206\u6790\uff0cAASHTO 2014 \u4ee5\u5f8c\u7684\u7248\u672c (\u516c\u8def\u7528\u898f\u7bc4) \u5247\u8981\u6c42\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5730\u8868\u4e0b 75 \u82f1\u544e (25m)\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u571f\u58e4\u529b\u5b78\u662f 1925 \u5e74\u554f\u4e16\u7684\u5b78\u79d1<\/span>\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u707d\u5bb3\u5728 1964 \u5e74\u963f\u62c9\u65af\u52a0\u5730\u9707\u5f8c\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u8996\uff0c1980 \u5e74\u672b\u671f\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u91cf\u5316\u5206\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u5ee3\u6cdb\u88ab\u696d\u754c\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5206\u6790\u624b\u518a 2008 \u5e74\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u4ee5\u571f\u6728\u754c\u4f86\u8b1b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u5b78\u79d1<\/span>\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7b97\u4e0d\u8ad6\u53f0\u7063\u71df\u5efa\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u7455\u75b5\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u968e\u6bb5\u4e5f\u6642\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5230\u7684<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(\u672c\u6587\u7531<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptt.cc\/bbs\/Gossiping\/M.1455597075.A.C93.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bizarre173<\/a>\u6388\u6b0a\u8f49\u8f09\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u5141\u8a31\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f49\u8f09\u3002\u9996\u5716\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"\/\/money.udn.com\/money\/story\/5621\/1503902-%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E6%B6%B2%E5%8C%96%E5%8D%80%E6%88%BF%E5%83%B9-%E6%81%90%E5%8F%97%E8%A1%9D%E6%93%8A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u806f\u5408\u8ca1\u7d93\u7db2<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/2016\/02\/16\/about-earthquake-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4e0d\u5c0a\u91cd\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u300c\u9632\u707d\u578b\u90fd\u66f4\u300d\u6703\u662f\u9762\u5c0d\u5730\u9707\u7684\u89e3\u85e5\uff1f\u91cd\u9ede\u5728\u9632\u707d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u90fd\u66f4\uff01<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/\/buzzorange.com\/2016\/02\/15\/soil-water\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u53f0\u5357\u9707\u707d\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u5927\u554f\u984c\u2500\u2500\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u5730\u9707\u5e36\u7684\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u4e86\u89e3\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u300d<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587 \/ bizarre173 \u672c\u9b6f\u662f\u5730\u8cea\u7cfb\u548c\u571f\u6728\u7cfb\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u5730\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ecb\u7d39\u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316 \u571f\u58e4\u6db2\u5316\u539f\u7406 \u5730\u5e95\u4e0b\u571f\u58e4\u6240\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u7d14\u7531\u571f\u58e4\u627f\u64d4\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u6c34\u58d3\u4f86\u627f\u64d4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa \u571f\u58e4\u7e3d\u61c9\u529b = \u5b54\u9699[&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":32691,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[1373],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14172"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14172"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14172\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32691"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}