{"id":11657,"date":"2016-10-17T16:59:12","date_gmt":"2016-10-17T08:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2016\/10\/17\/say-yes-or-no-to-universal-basic-income\/"},"modified":"2016-10-17T16:59:12","modified_gmt":"2016-10-17T08:59:12","slug":"say-yes-or-no-to-universal-basic-income","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buzzorange.com\/citiorange\/2016\/10\/17\/say-yes-or-no-to-universal-basic-income\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u4e4b\u722d\uff1a\u662f\u7576\u7c73\u87f2\u7684\u85c9\u53e3\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u9f13\u52f5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u52d5\u529b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u95dc\u6ce8\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u8fd1\u671f\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5931\u696d\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u958b\u59cb\u8003\u616e\u5be6\u65bd\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u9805\u65b9\u6848\u4e5f\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u9593\u6380\u8d77\u4e00\u756a\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u53f3\u6d3e\u8207\u5de6\u6d3e\u4e4b\u9593\u62b1\u6301\u8457\u5c0d\u7acb\u610f\u898b\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u8a72\u4e0d\u8a72\u5be6\u65bd\uff1f\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u770b\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5404\u570b\u6c7a\u7b56\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1a\u6797\u82ae\u7df9\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"By

By Stefan Bohrer<\/a> , \u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u5171\u4eab<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

\u7de8\u8b6f\u8005\u5c0e\u8b80\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u524d\u4e9b\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u525b\u5426\u6c7a\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\uff08Universal Basic Income, UBI\uff09\u516c\u6295<\/a>\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u4e5f\u6253\u7b97\u516c\u6295\u6c7a\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u63a1\u53d6\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u53d6\u4ee3\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u82ac\u862d\u5247\u5c07\u5176\u653f\u7b56\u9010\u6f38\u8d70\u5411\u6539\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

\u986f\u7136\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u5931\u696d\u7387\u9ad8\u6f32\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u6c11\u610f\u8b58\u62ac\u982d\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u7aed\u76e1\u601d\u7d22\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u8b93\u4eba\u6027\u767c\u63ee\u8a72\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u6216\u8d70\u5411\u4f9d\u8cf4\u4e4b\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u300a\u53cd\u5c0d\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u7684\u7406\u7531\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5de5\u9ee8\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u9996\u6b21\u9032\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u8faf\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u9032\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u653b\u8a10\u53d6\u4ee3\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u58de\u9ede\u5b50\u300b\u56db\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5e36\u9818\u6211\u5011\u9032\u5165\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u7684\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u300d\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u53f3\u6d3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u7c73\u723e\u9813\u5085\u5229\u66fc\uff08Milton Friedman\uff09\uff1b\u5728\u5de6\u6d3e\uff0c\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u91d1\u535a\u58eb\uff1b\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u8a8d\u540c\u8457\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u7d66\u4e88\u570b\u6c11\u4e00\u5b9a\u91d1\u984d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u4f5c\u70ba\u6d3b\u8457\u8207\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6642\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u5df2\u8f49\u5411\u53cd\u5c0d\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u5247\u5c07\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u53d6\u4ee3\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u5c3c\u514b\u68ee\u7e3d\u7d71\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4fbf\u5c07\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u8996\u70ba\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u65b0\u653f\u798f\u5229\u570b\u5bb6\uff08New Deal-era welfare state\uff09\u7684\u8a08\u756b\u4e00\u74b0\u3002\u800c\u5de6\u6d3e\u5149\u8b5c\u5247\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5c07\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u8207\u798f\u5229\u505a\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u800c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5176\u70ba\u73fe\u5b58\u91ab\u7642\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5931\u696d\u6551\u6fdf\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002<\/p>\n

\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u5206\u6b67\u66ab\u6642\u4ecb\u7d39\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u5be6\u969b\u60c5\u6cc1\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6839\u64da\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u9810\u7b97\u8207\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5047\u4f7f\u63a1\u53d6\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u842c\u7f8e\u91d1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u82b1\u8cbb\u570b\u5bb6\u9810\u7b97\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e09\u5146\uff0c\u7b49\u65bc\u76ee\u524d\u767d\u5bae\u65b0\u589e\u7a05\u6536\u7684\u7e3d\u984d\uff0c\u4e5f\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7e3d\u9810\u7b97\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u5e2dGreenstein\u6559\u6388\u4ea6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u50c5\u7121\u6cd5\u6539\u5584\u6700\u4f4e\u968e\u5c64\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u53cd\u800c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u52a0\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5c07\u806f\u90a6\u9810\u7b97\u5206\u6563\u81f3\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u5c64\uff0c\u5c07\u9905\u505a\u5c0f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u7f8e\u570b\u8ca1\u653f\u90e8\u9577\u6851\u9ed8\u65af\u4e5f\u8aaa\u5230\uff0c\u300c\u8981\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5be6\u65bd\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u9020\u6210\u5e6b\u52a9\u5e95\u5c64\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9805\u76ee\u8ca0\u64d4\u5341\u5206\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u300d\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5c07\u793e\u6703\u5b89\u5168\u7db2\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u5982\u5e7c\u7ae5\u6d25\u8cbc\uff0c\u4f86\u4f7f\u5e95\u5c64\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42\u7372\u5f97\u6539\u5584\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u5370\u5ea6\u60c5\u6cc1\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5feb\u5831\uff08The Financial Express\uff09\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u6bcf\u4eba\u7d04\u9700\u4e00\u842c\u76e7\u6bd4\u4f86\u7dad\u6301\u751f\u8a08\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u842c\u81f3\u4e00\u842c\u4e8c\u76e7\u6bd4\uff0c\u7e3d\u984d\u7d04\u5370\u5ea6GDP\u768410\uff05\uff1b\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u6bcf\u5e74\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u51fa\u6d25\u8cbc\u9805\u76ee\u4e5f\u7b49\u65bc10\uff05\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e26\u7121\u4e0d\u59a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u5be6\u65bd\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5831\u5c0e\u4e2d\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u570b\u5927\u9ee8\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9e\u7518\u5730\uff08Sonia Gandhi\uff09\u7684\u98df\u7269\u767c\u653e\u653f\u7b56\u9084\u7cdf\u7cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4f60\u6240\u767c\u653e\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u7f3a\u6c34\u3001\u74e6\u65af\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u5c31\u7b97\u6709\u4e86\u7a3b\u5b50\u4e5f\u5403\u4e0d\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u6709\u767c\u653e\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5c07\u9810\u7b97\u7528\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u8a2d\u5099\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u9805\u76ee\u66f4\u70ba\u4f86\u5f97\u6a5f\u9748\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u8005\u300a\u5728\u6211\u5011\u624b\u4e0a\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u53d6\u4ee3\u798f\u5229\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8a08\u756b\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u83ab\u745e\uff08Charles Murray\uff09\u5247\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u73fe\u4ee3\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e02\u5834\u8b8a\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u6f32\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5b89\u5168\u9810\u7b97\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5b89\u5168\u7db2\u7684\u722d\u8faf\u59cb\u7d42\u7121\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u5c07\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u975e\u81ea\u9858\u5931\u696d\u3001\u9f13\u52f5\u5de5\u4f5c\u52d5\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc3\u9032\u6539\u5584\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8a8d\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u5c07\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u5011\u61f6\u60f0\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u751f\u7522\u529b\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4e0d\u653b\u81ea\u7834<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u50c5\u662f\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u5e95\u5c64\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u8f03\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u53ef\u904b\u7528\u6b64\u8ca1\u5bcc\u91cd\u5206\u914d\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5584\u76e1\u5e02\u6c11\u8cac\u4efb\u8207\u7372\u5f97\u5e6b\u52a9\u517c\u5177\u7684\u300c\u632f\u8208\u7f8e\u570b\u5e02\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u6d3b\u529b\u300d\u6a5f\u6703\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u904e\u53bb\u56e0\u5b69\u5b50\u751f\u8a08\u800c\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u60e1\u52a3\u5de5\u4f5c\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u55ae\u89aa\u5a66\u5973\uff0c\u5c07\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5b89\u5fc3\u7167\u6599\u5bb6\u5ead\u800c\u4e0d\u9808\u72a7\u7272\u56b4\u91cd\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u800c\u80fd\u4ee5\u5b69\u7ae5\u5b8c\u6574\u6559\u80b2\u8207\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u518d\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u7ffb\u8f49\u7d93\u6fdf\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u82f1\u570b\u5de5\u9ee8\u4e0b\u8b70\u9662\u8b70\u54e1John McDonnell\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u722d\u8faf\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9ede\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u812b\u96e2\u8ca7\u7aae\u5708\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u76e1\u5feb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u5de5\u6703\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u6062\u5fa9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u7684\u7a05\u6536\u7e3d\u9ad4\u518d\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u4f86\u8b93\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u91cd\u7372\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u5df2\u8feb\u5728\u7709\u776b\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\n

\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Universal Basic Income is a bad\u00a0idea<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Economic policy experts debate universal basic income instead of welfare programs<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  3. The progressive case against a universal basic income<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Labour MPs debate universal basic income policy for the first time<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/h2>\n

    \u3010\u52de\u52d5\u90e8\u8acb\u9032\u3011\u6b50\u76df\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u901a\u52e4\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u7d0d\u5165\u5de5\u6642\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u9084\u6709\u56db\u9031\u6709\u85aa\u5047\uff01<\/a>
    \n    \u653f\u5e9c\u7121\u689d\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u85aa\u6c34\u7d66\u4f60\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u63a5\u53d7\u55ce\uff1f\u9ad8\u905477%\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u4eba\u8aaa\u300c\u4e0d\u300d<\/a>
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